Treatment of oral mucositis due to chemotherapy

Abstract

IntroductionThe management of oral mucositis is a challenge, due to its complex biological nature. Over the last 10 years, different strategies have been developed for the management of oral mucositis caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients.Material and MethodsAn exhaustive search was made of the PubMed-Medline, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases, crossing the key words “oral mucositis”, “prevention” and “treatment” with the terms “chemotherapy” and “radiotherapy” by means of the boolean operators “AND” and “NOT”. A total of 268 articles were obtained, of which 96 met the inclusion criteria.ResultsSeveral interventions for the prevention of oral mucositis, such as oral hygiene protocols, amifostine, benzidamine, calcium phosphate, cryotherapy and iseganan, among others, were found to yield only limited benefits. Other studies have reported a decrease in the appearance and severity of mucositis with the use of cytoprotectors (sucralfate, oral glutamine, hyaluronic acid), growth factors, topical polyvinylpyrrolidone, and low power laser irradiation.ConclusionsVery few interventions of confirmed efficacy are available for the management of oral mucositis due to chemotherapy. However, according to the reviewed literature, the use of palifermin, cryotherapy and low power laser offers benefits, reducing the incidence and severity of oral mucositis – though further studies are needed to confirm the results obtained. Key words:Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis Treatment.

Is Oral Mucositis Occurring During Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Patients Correctly Judged? EPOC Observational Cohort Study

“…In the MASCC/ISOO and ESMO guidelines, oral care protocols are recommended (31,32). A review article has reported that oral hygiene protocols, amifostine, benzydamine, calcium phosphate, cryotherapy, and iseganan yield only limited benefits (33). Although oral care and guidance to patients from dentists concerning oral care were performed in 51 of the 53 patients (96.2%) in the present study, OM still occurred.…”

Is Oral Mucositis Occurring During Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Patients Correctly Judged? EPOC Observational Cohort Study

“…In the MASCC/ISOO and ESMO guidelines, oral care protocols are recommended (31,32). A review article has reported that oral hygiene protocols, amifostine, benzydamine, calcium phosphate, cryotherapy, and iseganan yield only limited benefits (33). Although oral care and guidance to patients from dentists concerning oral care were performed in 51 of the 53 patients (96.2%) in the present study, OM still occurred.…”

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dental Complacations Prevention Against the Background of Chemotherapy in Oncological Patients in Zaporizhzhia

“…These diseases reduce the salivation of the oral cavity and suppress the condition of the mucous membrane with a decrease in trophic function. As a result, the mucous membrane becomes more irritable and the risk of gingivitis, mucositis, and periodontal disease occurs [8,9,10,11,12]. Similar results were observed by the gingivitis index: the median value of the GI gingivitis (Silness-Loe) index after prophylaxis and treatment was 1.2 in patients with lung cancer, 0.8 in patients with breast cancer, and 0.8 in people without cancer (Fig.…”

Efficacy of GMI, a fungal immunomodulatory protein, for head and neck cancer patients with chemotherapy-related oral mucositis

“…In our results, the average initial OM grade was significantly reduced from around 2 to 1 after receiving Reishimmune-S treatment for 14 days. The consensus of maximum expression of OM is about 7 to 10 days and the total course of OM is approximately 2 to 3 weeks if patients do not receive further intervention [14] . Therefore, even though the control arm in our study was excluded for analysis due to discontinuation of all patients in this arm, we still observed a rapid relief of symptoms and severity in <2 weeks after Reishimmune-S supplementation, which might be shorter than the common course of OM.…”

“…The consensus of maximum expression of OM is about 7 to 10 days and the total course of OM is approximately 2 to 3 weeks if patients do not receive further intervention. [ 14 ] Therefore, even though the control arm in our study was excluded for analysis due to discontinuation of all patients in this arm, we still observed a rapid relief of symptoms and severity in <2 weeks after Reishimmune-S supplementation, which might be shorter than the common course of OM. One clinical trial studying the efficacy of palifermin on chemotherapy-mediated OM in patients with hematologic cancers and found the mean OM grade was changed from about 2.5 to <1 in 14 days in the palifermin arm, which is similar to our results.…”

Is Oral Mucositis Occurring During Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Patients Correctly Judged? EPOC Observational Cohort Study

“…In the MASCC/ISOO and ESMO guidelines, oral care protocols are recommended (31,32). A review article has reported that oral hygiene protocols, amifostine, benzydamine, calcium phosphate, cryotherapy, and iseganan yield only limited benefits (33). Although oral care and guidance to patients from dentists concerning oral care were performed in 51 of the 53 patients (96.2%) in the present study, OM still occurred.…”

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dental Complacations Prevention Against the Background of Chemotherapy in Oncological Patients in Zaporizhzhia

“…These diseases reduce the salivation of the oral cavity and suppress the condition of the mucous membrane with a decrease in trophic function. As a result, the mucous membrane becomes more irritable and the risk of gingivitis, mucositis, and periodontal disease occurs [8,9,10,11,12]. Similar results were observed by the gingivitis index: the median value of the GI gingivitis (Silness-Loe) index after prophylaxis and treatment was 1.2 in patients with lung cancer, 0.8 in patients with breast cancer, and 0.8 in people without cancer (Fig.…”

Efficacy of GMI, a fungal immunomodulatory protein, for head and neck cancer patients with chemotherapy-related oral mucositis

“…In our results, the average initial OM grade was significantly reduced from around 2 to 1 after receiving Reishimmune-S treatment for 14 days. The consensus of maximum expression of OM is about 7 to 10 days and the total course of OM is approximately 2 to 3 weeks if patients do not receive further intervention [14] . Therefore, even though the control arm in our study was excluded for analysis due to discontinuation of all patients in this arm, we still observed a rapid relief of symptoms and severity in <2 weeks after Reishimmune-S supplementation, which might be shorter than the common course of OM.…”

“…The consensus of maximum expression of OM is about 7 to 10 days and the total course of OM is approximately 2 to 3 weeks if patients do not receive further intervention. [ 14 ] Therefore, even though the control arm in our study was excluded for analysis due to discontinuation of all patients in this arm, we still observed a rapid relief of symptoms and severity in <2 weeks after Reishimmune-S supplementation, which might be shorter than the common course of OM. One clinical trial studying the efficacy of palifermin on chemotherapy-mediated OM in patients with hematologic cancers and found the mean OM grade was changed from about 2.5 to <1 in 14 days in the palifermin arm, which is similar to our results.…”

Is Oral Mucositis Occurring During Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Patients Correctly Judged? EPOC Observational Cohort Study

“…In the MASCC/ISOO and ESMO guidelines, oral care protocols are recommended (31,32). A review article has reported that oral hygiene protocols, amifostine, benzydamine, calcium phosphate, cryotherapy, and iseganan yield only limited benefits (33). Although oral care and guidance to patients from dentists concerning oral care were performed in 51 of the 53 patients (96.2%) in the present study, OM still occurred.…”

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dental Complacations Prevention Against the Background of Chemotherapy in Oncological Patients in Zaporizhzhia

“…These diseases reduce the salivation of the oral cavity and suppress the condition of the mucous membrane with a decrease in trophic function. As a result, the mucous membrane becomes more irritable and the risk of gingivitis, mucositis, and periodontal disease occurs [8,9,10,11,12]. Similar results were observed by the gingivitis index: the median value of the GI gingivitis (Silness-Loe) index after prophylaxis and treatment was 1.2 in patients with lung cancer, 0.8 in patients with breast cancer, and 0.8 in people without cancer (Fig.…”

Efficacy of GMI, a fungal immunomodulatory protein, for head and neck cancer patients with chemotherapy-related oral mucositis

“…In our results, the average initial OM grade was significantly reduced from around 2 to 1 after receiving Reishimmune-S treatment for 14 days. The consensus of maximum expression of OM is about 7 to 10 days and the total course of OM is approximately 2 to 3 weeks if patients do not receive further intervention [14] . Therefore, even though the control arm in our study was excluded for analysis due to discontinuation of all patients in this arm, we still observed a rapid relief of symptoms and severity in <2 weeks after Reishimmune-S supplementation, which might be shorter than the common course of OM.…”

“…The consensus of maximum expression of OM is about 7 to 10 days and the total course of OM is approximately 2 to 3 weeks if patients do not receive further intervention. [ 14 ] Therefore, even though the control arm in our study was excluded for analysis due to discontinuation of all patients in this arm, we still observed a rapid relief of symptoms and severity in <2 weeks after Reishimmune-S supplementation, which might be shorter than the common course of OM. One clinical trial studying the efficacy of palifermin on chemotherapy-mediated OM in patients with hematologic cancers and found the mean OM grade was changed from about 2.5 to <1 in 14 days in the palifermin arm, which is similar to our results.…”