Treatment of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Davis, John M.; Caroff, Stanley N.; Mann, Stephan C.

doi:10.3928/0048-5713-20000501-10

Cited by 62 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Further weakening the distinction of neuroleptic malignant syndrome from catatonia are reports that certain nonneuroleptic drugs can induce the condition (28,(80)(81)(82)(83)(84). Further, in treatment trials based on the similarities between neuroleptic malignant syndrome and malignant catatonia, benzodiazepines and ECT-the standard treatments for malignant catatonia-have proved successful in the treatment of patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (85)(86)(87)(88)(89). The toxic serotonin syndrome is also similar to malignant catatonia; except for the gastrointestinal features of the former syndrome, the two are indistinguishable (28,30,90,91).…”

Section: Catatonia By Other Namesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catatonia in Psychiatric Classification: A Home of Its Own

Taylor¹,

Fink²

2003

AJP

455

308

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Catatonia can be distinguished from other behavioral syndromes by a recognizable cluster of clinical features. Catatonia is sufficiently common to warrant classification as an independent syndrome. It can be reliably identified, has a typical course when appropriately treated, responds to specific treatments, and is worsened by other treatments. It is associated with many pathophysiologic processes and most often with mood disorder. These findings, which are consistent with established methods of defining distinct diagnostic groupings, support consideration of catatonia as an individual category in psychiatric diagnostic systems.

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Section: Catatonia By Other Namesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catatonia in Psychiatric Classification: A Home of Its Own

Taylor¹,

Fink²

2003

AJP

455

308

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“…Dantrolene is specifically indicated for the treatment of MH and lowers mortality from the syndrome [15] [16]. In addition to MH, dantrolene has been recommended for the treatment of NMS [17] [18]. However, the role of dantrolene is not well defined in the treatment of NMS as it is in the treatment of MH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dantrolene in the Treatment of Refractory Hyperthermic Conditions in Critical Care: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Pawar¹,

Rosenberg²,

Adamson³

et al. 2015

OJAnes

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Purpose: To examine the use of intravenous dantrolene in hospitalized patients. Materials and Methods: Medical Records of patients treated with intravenous dantrolene between 2007 and 2012 at 6 teaching hospitals were reviewed. Temperature, muscle rigidity, creatine kinase levels, and mortality were assessed in association with dantrolene use. Results: Twenty-five patients received intravenous dantrolene, 9 patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), 8 with hyperthermia due to sepsis, 4 with NMS and sepsis, 2 for malignant hyperthermia (MH), and 2 with hypermetabolic syndrome associated with juvenile diabetic ketoacidosis. Dantrolene was administered as a bolus of 1 -3 mg/kg. Core temperature decreased after dantrolene administration in all groups but significant only for MH, NMS cases (Pre 102.3 ± 0.9˚F vs. Post 99.5 ± 0.9˚F; p < 0.001), in Sepsis cases (Pre 104.3 ± 1.5˚F vs. Post 100.6 ± 1.0˚F; p < 0.001). Mean rigidity scores decreased in all groups but significant only for NMS cases, and mean CK did not change significantly in any group. Conclusion: Dantrolene was associated with reductions in temperature and rigidity in hyperthermia of diverse origins in patients admitted to Intensive care settings.

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“…Although the treatment of NMS should be individualized for each patient depending on the clinical features and situations, the mainstay is good supportive medical care against extreme hyperthermia, dehydration, metabolic acidosis, nutritive and electrolyte imbalance, and occurrence of the complications including cardiorespiratory and/or renal failures, aspiration pneumonia, rhabdomyolysis, and coagulapathies. Several specific treatments recommended for management of NMS (Table 4) should be taken into consideration as additional therapeutic options, based on the severity and clinical course (Sakkas et al, 1991a(Sakkas et al, , 1991bDavis et al, 2000). However, it should be stressed that these specific remedies for NMS are derived from empirical reports or theoretical grounds, rather than based on prospective, randomized controlled studies (Susman, 2001).…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encephalopathy Associated with Psychotropic Drug Therapy

Odagaki¹

2012

Miscellanea on Encephalopathies - A Second Look

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Treatment of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Cited by 62 publications

References 29 publications

Catatonia in Psychiatric Classification: A Home of Its Own

Catatonia in Psychiatric Classification: A Home of Its Own

Dantrolene in the Treatment of Refractory Hyperthermic Conditions in Critical Care: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Encephalopathy Associated with Psychotropic Drug Therapy

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