Treatment of extremity fractures in dogs using external fixators with closed reduction and limited open approach

Özsoy, Serhat; Altunatmaz, Kemal

doi:10.17221/5760-vetmed

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Fracture healing will be shorter if anatomical alignment is achieved (14). The bone healing time is variable and affected by age, breed, location and configuration of fractures, degree of soft tissue injury, existence of bone defects, and type of fixation applied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal bone healing in three cloned dogs with long bone fractures

Hwang¹,

Hyun²,

Hwang³

et al. 2017

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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Three cloned dogs aged 3 months to 6 months with complaints of lameness had been presented to the veterinary medical center of Chungbuk National University. All dogs were from the Sooam Biotech Research Center, Korea. Each dog was a different breed, namely a Tibetan mastiff, a greyhound, and a beagle.Case 1 was a 6-month-old cloned female Tibetan mastiff weighing 11 kg that had complaints of lameness and pain in the left hind limb. On clinical examination, the left femur was found swollen. A radiograph of the affected limb showed an oblique comminuted fracture of the left femur (Figure 1). The dog was sedated, and the surgical site was shaved and disinfected. Acepromazine (Sedaject,

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal bone healing in three cloned dogs with long bone fractures

Hwang¹,

Hyun²,

Hwang³

et al. 2017

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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“…With closed reduction, the periosseous vascular supply and adjacent soft tissues are preserved; it also limits iatrogenic tissue trauma, necrosis and surgical infection due to excessive manipulations and prolonged open procedures. 22 With an open approach, manipulation during the surgery will cause secondary trauma in the injured region and the blood circulation of the bone will be compromised causing delayed healing. 23,24 In our cases, fracture reduction brought about through the open wound in most cases helped minimize additional damage to the traumatized tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normal uncomplicated fracture healing observed within 45 to 60 days in 17 cases, in spite of open wounds and some degree of fracture gap, indicates that when anatomical alignment and stable fixation are achieved normal healing can take place without the need for perfect positioning of the fragments. 22 Further, cattle are usually able to compensate well for mild angular deformities that may occur during fracture healing. 39 Early healing may also be attributed to un-tensioned pins used in this free-form fixation that might have allowed controlled micromotion at the fracture site, leading to early callus formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy-Pin External Skeletal Fixation for Management of Open Bone Fractures in Calves and Foals: A Review of 32 Cases

Aithal

Kinjavdekar

Amarpal

et al. 2019

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate epoxy-pin external skeletal fixation technique for the treatment of open fractures in calves and foals. Study Design Twenty-eight calves and four foals (weighing 45–105 kg) with fractures distal to the stifle or elbow made the subject for the retrospective study. The pins (2.0–3.0-mm Kirschner wires, crossed at 60–90°) were fixed at least at two locations in both proximal and distal bone fragments as per the case situation. The pins in the same plane were bent (∼2 cm from the skin) towards the fracture site or joint and were joined using an adhesive tape (additional pins used when required) to make a temporary scaffold of connecting bars or rings. Thoroughly mixed epoxy putty was applied along the pin scaffold (the epoxy columns were 20–25 mm diameter) and allowed to set for 45 to 60 minutes. All animals were evaluated based on various clinical and radiographic observations made at regular intervals. Results The epoxy-pin fixation was easy to apply and provided stable fixation of bone as indicated by early weight bearing, and fracture healing within 45 to 60 days (17/32 cases). The functional recovery was good to very good in 14 animals and satisfactory in nine cases by 12 months after removal of the fixator. Conclusions The multiplanar epoxy-pin external skeletal fixation provides stable fixation of unstable open fractures distal to the stifle or elbow joint; hence, it can be used to treat a variety of fractures in calves and foals weighing up to approximately 100 kg, especially open infected fractures of lower limb, which are difficult to treat by conventional techniques.

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“…Long bone fractures particularly femur constitute the most common injury in dogs and cats (2). The most common cause of fractures in pet animals are violent trauma with fallen down from height or vehicular accident (3)(4)(5). Evaluation of the fracture is the most important point in fracture treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone fractures in dogs: A retrospective study of 129 dogs

Raouf¹,

Ezzeldein²,

Eisa³

2019

IJVS

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate 129 dogs with different breed, age and sex admitted to the clinic of Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University over a 2-year period with different kinds of fractures. Thorough clinical and radiographic examinations were performed to all animals. The results revealed that German shepherd dogs (74.41%), immature dogs below 1 year of age (80.62%) and male dogs (57.36%) were the most susceptible to fractures. The percentages of fractures of the hind limb (48.06%) were the most common location of the fractures on animals followed by forelimb fractures (28.68%) then pelvic fractures (20.16%) and fractures of the mandible (3.1%). Femur fractures (27.13%) were the most common long bone fractures followed by tibia/fibula (15.5%) then radius/ulna (11.63%) and humerus (10.08%). About 79.84% of animals were treated by gypsona (42.72%), cross pins (22.33%), plate and screws (18.45%), intramedullary pins (14.56%) and wiring (1.94%). Satisfactory results were reported in 86.40% of treated animals and post-operative complications were reported in 13.60% of animals. It was concluded that immature and male dogs were more susceptible to bone fractures. Most of fixation methods are successful when basic principles of fracture repair are followed.

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Treatment of extremity fractures in dogs using external fixators with closed reduction and limited open approach

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Normal bone healing in three cloned dogs with long bone fractures

Normal bone healing in three cloned dogs with long bone fractures

Epoxy-Pin External Skeletal Fixation for Management of Open Bone Fractures in Calves and Foals: A Review of 32 Cases

Bone fractures in dogs: A retrospective study of 129 dogs

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