Treatment of Children With Medulloblastomas With Reduced-Dose Craniospinal Radiation Therapy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Children's Cancer Group Study

Abstract

These overall survival rates compare favorably to those obtained in studies using full-dose radiation therapy alone or radiation therapy plus chemotherapy. The results suggest that reduced-dose craniospinal radiation therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy during and after radiation is a feasible approach for children with nondisseminated medulloblastoma.

Targeting inhibitors of apoptosis proteins suppresses medulloblastoma cell proliferation via G2/M phase arrest and attenuated neddylation of p21

“…Several chemotherapeutic agents including vincristine, cyclophosphamide, lomustine, and cisplatin have been used against these aggressive neoplasms 34, 35, 36, 37, 38. However, MB cells often develop resistance to traditional chemotherapy and radiation, limiting the therapeutic effectiveness of these cytotoxic drugs.…”

Pre‐radiation chemotherapy with response‐based radiation therapy in children with central nervous system germ cell tumors: A report from the Children's Oncology Group

“…While patients with germ cell tumors may present with permanent hormone deficiencies, brain and ventricular RT may cause neurocognitive impairment [47][48][49][50][51][52][53], as well as additional hormonal dysfunction. Neuraxis RT also causes growth retardation.…”

Incidence and survival of children and young people with central nervous system embryonal tumours in the North of England, 1990–2013

“…The treatment patterns for medulloblastoma changed over the study period with the introduction of reduced dose radiation therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in 1999 (23). We defined the period of diagnosis as either 1990-1999 or 2000-2013 to reflect changes in treatment over the study period.…”

“…Central nervous system (CNS) tumours are the second most common site of neoplasms diagnosed in children, accounting for approximately one quarter of all childhood cancers (0-14 years), (1) and 14% of tumours diagnosed in teenagers and young adults (TYA) (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) years) (2). They are the most common cause of cancer related death in children and TYA (1,2).…”