Treatment of Acute (Adaptive) Pain

Steagall, Paulo; Taylor, Polly

doi:10.1002/9781119167891.ch13

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…Inhalation anesthesia is currently the most common technique for anesthetic maintenance in cats. 1 However, the advantages offered by inhalation anesthetics, such as allowing for rapid changes in the depth of anesthesia and shorter recovery times, may be offset by important undesirable effects (eg, the decrease in systemic vascular resistance from peripheral vasodilation). 2–5 Total intravenous (IV) anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol is an alternative, since it can provide similar cardiovascular stability to, or in some cases better than, halogenated drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiopulmonary and propofol-sparing effects of dexmedetomidine in total intravenous anesthesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Sanches

Bessi

Rusch

et al. 2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives This study aimed to assess the effect of dexmedetomidine on the propofol-based anesthesia of cats subjected to ovariohysterectomy. Methods Twenty-eight cats were randomly allocated to four groups (seven cats in each) and premedicated with either 5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine (groups Dex 1, Dex 3 and Dex 5) or 0.05 ml saline (Prop group) intramuscularly. After the induction of anesthesia with propofol, total intravenous anesthesia was initiated with 300 µg/kg/min propofol plus 3 ml/kg/h NaCl 0.9% (Prop), or 200 µg/kg/min propofol plus dexmedetomidine at the rates of 1 µg/kg/h (Dex 1), 3 µg/kg/h (Dex 3) or 5 µg/kg/h (Dex 5). Cardiorespiratory variables were assessed 5 mins after induction and every 10 mins thereafter, until the end of anesthesia. The propofol infusion rate was adjusted every 10 mins (± 50 µg/kg/min) to maintain anesthetic depth. The times to extubation, sternal recumbency, ambulation and total recovery were recorded. Pain scoring was performed 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after the end of anesthesia. Results Dexmedetomidine produced a propofol-sparing effect of 72.8%, 71.1% and 74.6% in the Dex 1, Dex 3 and Dex 5 groups, respectively. Cats in the Prop group maintained higher heart rate values than the other groups, and the mean arterial pressure remained higher in the Dex 3 and Dex 5 groups. Rescue intraoperative analgesia (fentanyl bolus) was most frequent in the Prop group. There was no significant difference in the time of extubation. Cats in the Dex 1 and Dex 3 groups had a faster anesthetic recovery, with shorter times to achieving sternal recumbency, regaining ambulation and reaching full recovery. Cats in the Dex 1 and Dex 5 groups presented the best recovery quality scores, with 4 (range 4–5) and 4 (range 3–5), respectively, while the Prop group scored 1 (range 1–3), the worst anesthetic recovery score among the groups. Conclusions and relevance The use of dexmedetomidine as a total intravenous anesthesia adjuvant, especially at doses of 1 and 3 µg/kg/h, reduces propofol consumption and improves cardiorespiratory stability and intraoperative analgesia, while promoting a better and quicker recovery from anesthesia.

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