Treadmill exercise ameliorates social isolation-induced memory impairment by enhancing silent information regulator-1 expression in rats

Abstract

The effect of treadmill exercise on the social isolation-induced memory impairment in relation with the silent information regulator-1 (SIRT-1) was investigated. The rats in the control groups lived four in the standard cages for 8 weeks. The rats in the social isolation groups lived alone in the small cages for 8 weeks. The rats in the treadmill exercise groups were subjected to run on a treadmill for 30 min once a day for 8 weeks. We used step-through avoidance test for short-term memory and Morris water maze task for spatial working memory. Immunohistochemistry for SIRT-1 and western blot analysis for Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) were performed. The rats in the social isolation group showed a decrease in short-term memory and spatial working memory. Treadmill exercise alleviated short-term memory and spatial working memory in the social isolation rats. SIRT-1 expression in the hippocampus was decreased in the rats of social isolation group. Treadmill exercise increased SIRT-1 expression in the social isolation rats. Bax expression was increased, Bcl-2 expression was decreased, and cleaved caspase-3 expression in the hippocampus was increased in the rats of social isolation group. Treadmill exercise decreased Bax expression, increased Bcl-2 expression, and decreased cleaved caspase-3 expression in the social isolation rats. Hippocampal BDNF and TrkB expression was decreased in the rats of social isolation group. Treadmill exercise increased BDNF and TrkB expression in the social isolation rats.

Preischemic Treadmill Exercise Ameliorates Memory Impairment and Microvasculature Damage in Rat Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion

“…High level of SIRT1 expression in the brain indicates normal functioning of synaptic plasticity and memory, suggesting that SIRT1 is essential for learning ability, memory process, and maintaining of synaptic plasticity in mice [ 23 ]. Treadmill exercise improved memory impairment by increasing SIRT1 expression [ 24 ]. Long-term moderate treadmill exercise ameliorated cognitive dysfunction by activating SIRT1 to alleviate inflammatory response in the hippocampus [ 25 ].…”

Nutraceutical activation of Sirt1: a review

“…[49][50][51][52][53][54] Of ancillary interest is evidence that treadmill exercise training in rodents induces Sirt1 expression at the mRNA and protein level in brain and various other tissues. [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] In the brain, the effect is mediated at least in part by lactate; the molecular biology underlying this remains obscure. 61 It is reasonable to suspect that Sirt1 induction is a key mediator of the broad-ranging neuroprotective effects of aerobic exercise training-effects documented both in rodents and via epidemiology.…”

Treadmill Running Improves Spatial Learning Memory Through Inactivation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway in Amyloid-β-Induced Alzheimer Disease Rats

“…Voluntary wheel running following brain inflammation inhibited proinflammatory cytokine production and apoptosis, then improved spatial learning memory [13]. Performing treadmill running improved spatial learning memory, short-term memory, and recognition memory [26][27][28]. In the current study, induction of AD was found to worsen the spatial learning memory in the Morris water maze task, whereas treadmill running improved AD-induced spatial learning memory.…”