Traumatic distress symptoms in early breast cancer I: Acute response to diagnosis

Psychological adjustment one year after the diagnosis of breast cancer: A prototype study of delayed post‐traumatic stress disorder

“…Some of these changes reflected an increase in symptom reports and in fact, there was more than a doubling in the number of full PTSD cases. This is similar to Tjemsland et al (1996a, b, 1998) who estimated (on the basis of self‐report inventories) that 8% of their subjects met PTSD criteria 6 weeks post‐operatively whereas 12% met PTSD criteria 12 months post‐operatively. Thus, two longitudinal studies now suggest that ‘delayed‐onset’ PTSD is possible in BC patients.…”

Memory processes and the course of anxiety and depression in cancer patients

“…This study adds to a growing body of research identifying intrusive thoughts and memories as crucial components in health-related anxiety and depression (e.g. Kornblith et al 1994 ;Tjemsland et al 1996). More specifically, it supports previous observations that negative health-related cognitions are often anchored in past experience (Wells & Hackmann, 1993).…”

Demoralization in cancer survivors: an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis for quantitative studies

“…Some studies suggest a decreasing symptom severity as time passes 56,57 . In contrast, other studies report an increase, or fluctuating post‐traumatic symptoms over time 58,59 . According to previous surveys, only a minority of cancer patients ultimately develop PTSD symptoms 60 .…”

“…56,57 In contrast, other studies report an increase, or fluctuating post-traumatic symptoms over time. 58,59 According to previous surveys, only a minority of cancer patients ultimately develop PTSD symptoms. 60 Current cancer-related PTSD research focuses more on identifying the risk factors of PTSD before and after cancer diagnosis.…”