Tratamento químico de sementes de trigo

Abstract

O tratamento de sementes de trigo com inseticidas e fungicidas é importante para proteger as mesmas da incidência de insetos e doenças. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar os efeitos de tratamentos químicos sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de trigo. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 2x4, sendo o fator A composto por cultivares de trigo (Quartzo e Pampeano) e o B por inseticidas e fungicidas: testemunha e, para cada 100 kg de sementes, aplicou-se 21 g do ingrediente ativo (i.a.) de tiametoxam; 55 g i.a. de carboxina + thiram e 21 + 55 g i.a. de tiametoxam + carboxina + thiram. O tiametoxam (21 g i.a.) resultou em melhor desempenho, quanto à germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e peso de massa fresca e seca, para a variedade Quartzo. Ocorreu maior acúmulo de massa seca para a variedade Pampeano, ao se aplicar carboxina + thiram, na dose de 55 g i.a. As duas cultivares apresentaram melhor desempenho, no teste de envelhecimento acelerado, na presença de tiametoxam + carboxina + thiram (21 + 55 g i.a.). O tratamento de sementes proporcionou plântulas mais vigorosas, o que resultará em estandes de plantas mais uniformes, em função da maior percentagem de germinação ou da proteção contra pragas.

Treatment with fungicides and insecticides on the physiological quality and health of wheat seeds

“…Corroborating this affirmation, Hossen et al (2014) verified a greater percentage and speed of germination in wheat seeds treated with the insecticide thiamethoxam in relation to untreated seeds. Furthermore, Barros et al (2005) found similar results in common bean seeds treated with the insecticide fipronil.…”

Crambe affected by biological and chemical seed treatments

“…One of the possible causes for this difference from the control treatment may be the incidence of fungi in the seeds, since they were not treated with fungicide. Hossen et al (2014) also observed a higher percentage of germination when treating wheat with thiamethoxam. According to these authors, thiamethoxam accelerates the germination of seeds by stimulating the activity of enzymes, which causes more uniform stand and emergence of plants as well as better initial growth.…”

The effect of a fungicide treatment on the physiological potential of rice seeds after storage

“…Therefore, results obtained in this test indicate that there was no significant difference between the performance of seeds subjected to treatment and untreated seeds, and there was no difference between the performance of seeds of different cultivars after treatment ( Table 1). As well as Hossen et al (2014) did not observe significant differences in treated wheat seeds and not treated with fungicides in the cold test.…”

“…The root dry mass of seedlings from the emergence test did not exhibit significant difference between treated and untreated seeds in all evaluated cultivars (Table 5). However, in studies with wheat seeds cultivar Pampeano treated with carboxin + thiram, best dry mass performance was observed compared to untreated seeds (Hossen et al, 2014).…”

“…Table 3 -Means of shoot and root length of seedlings of three irrigated rice cultivars, from treated and untreated seeds in the emergence test in greenhouse conditions after ten months storage (Pelotas, RS, 2013/2014 Means followed by the same upper case letter in line and lower case in column do not differ according to Tukey test at 5% probability.…”