Transverse thermoelectric generation using magnetic materials

Uchida, K.; Zhou, Weinan; Sakuraba, Yuya

doi:10.1063/5.0046877

Cited by 73 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…To determine S ANE , the uniform Sm 20 Co 80 film was patterned into a Hall-bar structure (see the inset to Figure 5 (c) and experimental section). ANE was measured by applying a magnetic field along the film thickness direction because the estimation of S ANE requires the accurate determination of the applied temperature gradient T and thus T must be applied along the in-plane direction [ 12 ]. Figure 5 (c) shows the out-of-plane H dependence of the transverse voltage V normalized by the Hall bar width w for various values of T .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The S ANE value for the uniform Sm 20 Co 80 film was estimated to be 1.07 ± 0.08 × 10 −6 VK −1 . Although this S ANE value is three times smaller than S ANE for SmCo 5 -type bulk permanent magnets [ 8 , 11 ], it is much larger than that for pure Co ( S ANE = 0.32 × 10 −6 VK −1 ) [ 12 , 38 ] and comparable to that for Sm 12 Co 17 -type and Nd 2 Fe 14 B-type bulk magnets [ 8 ]. Despite the moderate S ANE , our demonstration shown in the next section reveals the usefulness of our amorphous films for ANE-based applications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sm-Co-based amorphous alloy films for zero-field operation of transverse thermoelectric generation

Modak

Sakuraba

Hirai

et al. 2022

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Transverse thermoelectric generation using magnetic materials is essential to develop active thermal engineering technologies, for which the improvements of not only the thermoelectric output but also applicability and versatility are required. In this study, using combinatorial material science and lock-in thermography technique, we have systematically investigated the transverse thermoelectric performance of Sm-Co-based alloy films. The high-throughput material investigation revealed the best Sm-Co-based alloys with the large anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) as well as the anomalous Ettingshausen effect (AEE). In addition to ANE/AEE, we discovered unique and superior material properties in these alloys: the amorphous structure, low thermal conductivity, and large in-plane coercivity and remanent magnetization. These properties make it advantageous over conventional materials to realize heat flux sensing applications based on ANE, as our Sm-Co-based films can generate thermoelectric output without an external magnetic field. Importantly, the amorphous nature enables the fabrication of these films on various substrates including flexible sheets, making the large-scale and low-cost manufacturing easier. Our demonstration will provide a pathway to develop flexible transverse thermoelectric devices for smart thermal management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sm-Co-based amorphous alloy films for zero-field operation of transverse thermoelectric generation

Modak

Sakuraba

Hirai

et al. 2022

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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“…To use the ANE for practical applications, low resistivity and thermal conductivity are also required. Moreover, at the device level, low magnetization and a small inherent stray field are important to eliminate magnetic disturbances and stabilize the remanent magnetization in the in-plane direction if using in a thin-film case 16 . From these viewpoints, ANE efficiency is coupled with various parameters, similar to the longitudinal Seebeck effect 17 , and additional magnetization makes the coupling more complicated.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant anomalous Nernst signal in the antiferromagnet YbMnBi2

Pan

et al. 2021

Nat. Mater.

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A large anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) is crucial for thermoelectric energy conversion applications because the associated unique transverse geometry facilitates module fabrication. Topological ferromagnets with large Berry curvatures show large ANEs; however, they face drawbacks such as strong magnetic disturbances and low mobility due to high magnetization. Herein, we demonstrate that YbMnBi2, a canted antiferromagnet, has a large ANE conductivity of ~10 A m−1 K−1 that surpasses large values observed in other ferromagnets (3–5 A m−1 K−1). The canted spin structure of Mn guarantees a non-zero Berry curvature, but generates only a weak magnetization three orders of magnitude lower than that of general ferromagnets. The heavy Bi with a large spin–orbit coupling enables a large ANE and low thermal conductivity, whereas its highly dispersive px/y orbitals ensure low resistivity. The high anomalous transverse thermoelectric performance and extremely small magnetization make YbMnBi2 an excellent candidate for transverse thermoelectrics.

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“…When converting thermal energy from a heated surface, this orthogonal relationship allows the device structure to be in a two-dimensional form made of a simple sheet or connecting wires on the surface, and the output can be enhanced by enlarging the device in plane. Comparing to the complicated three-dimensional structure made of serially connected Πshaped junctions to exploit the SE, the simple in-plane structure using transverse thermoelectric generation is advantageous in achieving low module cost as well as high durability and flexibility [1][2][3][4][5]. One of the well-known transverse thermoelectric phenomena is the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) observed in magnetic materials .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation

et al. 2021

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An unconventional approach to enhance the transverse thermopower by combining magnetic and thermoelectric materials, namely the Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation (STTG), has been proposed and demonstrated recently. Here, we improve on the previously used sample structure and achieve large transverse thermopower over 40 μV K −1 due to STTG in on-chip devices. We deposited polycrystalline Fe-Ga alloy films directly on n-type Si substrates, where Fe-Ga and Si serve as the magnetic and thermoelectric materials, respectively. Using microfabrication, contact holes were created through the SiOx layer at the top of Si to electrically connect the Fe-Ga film with the Si substrate. These thin devices with simple structure clearly exhibited enhancement of transverse thermopower due to STTG, and the obtained values agreed well with the estimation over a wide range of the size ratio between the Fe-Ga film and the Si substrate.

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Transverse thermoelectric generation using magnetic materials

Cited by 73 publications

References 85 publications

Sm-Co-based amorphous alloy films for zero-field operation of transverse thermoelectric generation

Sm-Co-based amorphous alloy films for zero-field operation of transverse thermoelectric generation

Giant anomalous Nernst signal in the antiferromagnet YbMnBi2

Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation

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