Transport studies of protonated emeraldine polymer: A granular polymeric metal system

Zuo, F.; Angelopoulos, Marie; MacDiarmid, Alan G.; Epstein, Arthur J.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.36.3475

Cited by 342 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The conduction process in conducting polymers has some unusual features compared to that in conventional metals, as was evident from the earliest measurements [1][2][3]. One such feature is the mixture of metallic and non-metallic character seen even for highly conducting samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Charge Transport in Conducting Polymers: Polyacetylene Nanofibres

Kaiser

Rogers

Park

2004

Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals

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The preparation of individual polyacetylene nanofibres has allowed a more probing investigation of the properties of polyacetylene. A significant discovery is that at low temperatures, polyacetylene nanofibres show temperature-independent Zener-type tunnelling, that we suggest is tunnelling of the conjugated-bond pattern along single polyacetylene chains. At higher temperatures, the current shows a strong increase with temperature and the nonlinearity of the current-voltage characteristics decreases. We make a comparison with similar behaviour found in single-wall carbon nanotube networks, and show that the decrease in nonlinearity is consistent with our generic calculations for fluctuation-assisted tunnelling and thermal excitation. There is no evidence for superconductivity in resistance measurements on polyacetylene. The thermoelectric power of polyacetylene and other bulk organic conducting polymers indicates the absence of significant superconductivity arising from the conventional electron-phonon mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Charge Transport in Conducting Polymers: Polyacetylene Nanofibres

Kaiser

Rogers

Park

2004

Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals

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“…In the case of pure PANI-ES, the T 0 value of about 6400 K is in good agreement with the value reported in a previous study. 43 Surprisingly, among all the nanocomposites examined, PMN12 shows the highest T 0 value. Since T 0 is inversely proportional to the localization length (1/a), this result indicates that PMN12 reflects much greater electron localization than other nanocomposites.…”

Section: Electrical Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, for the intercalated nanocomposites containing isolated molecular PANI chains, the conductivity is lower than that of the corresponding pure PANI because of the existence of individual silicate layers with insulating character, which can screen the interchain interactions between PANI chains (i.e., the shielding effect of silicates). Although a strong dependence of the T 0 value on the protonation level or the doping level 43 in our case, the protonation level can be excluded by equilibrating the samples with a 1.5 M HCl solution. Consequently, it can be inferred from the T 0 value that at 12.3 wt% PANI, the insulating character of the silicate layers, which restricts the effective delocalization of charge carriers in the nanocomposites, becomes the most dominant because most of the PANI chains are intercalated into the interlayer spacings of MMT.…”

Section: Electrical Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties

et al. 2003

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Polyaniline/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites containing different PANI contents were prepared by the intercalation of aniline monomer into pristine MMT followed by the subsequent oxidative polymerization of the aniline in the interlayer spacings. The polyaniline/MMT nanocomposite structure intercalated with polyaniline (PANI) was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the (001) reflection peaks in the XRD patterns, the PANI/ MMT nanocomposite containing 12.3 wt% PANI (PMN12) was found to be in the most disordered state. The physical interaction between the intercalated PANI and the basal surfaces of MMT was monitored by FT-IR. The room-temperature conductivity (s RT ) varied from 9.1 6 10 29 to 1.5 6 10 0 S cm 21 depending on the PANI content in the nanocomposites. The temperature dependence of dc conductivity (s dc (T)) of all the samples follows the quasi-1D variable range hopping (quasi-1D VRH) model (i.e., s dc (T) 3 exp [2(T 0 /T) 1/2 ]). The charge transport behavior of this system was interpreted from the slopes (T 0 ) of the s dc curves and the highest T 0 value was found for the PANI/MMT nanocomposite with 12.3 wt% PANI (PMN12). The FT-IR, s dc (T) and s RT results for the nanocomposites with varying content of PANI are consistently related to the structure of the PANI/MMT nanocomposites discussed in the XRD analysis. The structural argument was further supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of all the samples. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed improved thermal stability for the intercalated nanocomposites in comparison with the pure PANI and a simple PANI/MMT mixture.

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“…Further increase in such impurities causes a transition that is accompanied by the decrease in conductivity values. The decrease in conductivity in PANI composites 45 may be due to blockage of the conduction path by heterogeneous/metallike nano-sized particles embedded in the PANI matrix, a relatively high concentration of which makes the hopping process between chains more difficult, thus reducing in conductivity.…”

Section: 45mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Charge Transport Properties of Chemically Synthesized Polyaniline-poly(ε-caprolactone) Polymer Films

Basavaraja¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2011

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Conducting polyaniline-poly(ε-caprolactone) polymer composites were synthesized via in situ deposition techniques. By dissolving different weight percentages of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%), the oxidative polymerization of aniline was achieved using ammonium persulfate as an oxidant. FT-IR, UV-vis spectra, and X-ray diffraction studies support a strong interaction between polyaniline (PANI) and PCL. Structural morphology of the PANI-PCL polymer composites was studied using scanned electron microscopy (SEM) and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), and thermal stability was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique. The temperature-dependent DC conductivity of PANI-PCL polymer composite films was studied in the range of 305-475 K, which revealed a semiconducting behavior in the transport properties of the polymer films. Conductivity increased with the increase of PCL in below critical level, however conductivity of the polymer film was decreased with increase of PCL concentration higher than the critical value.

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Transport studies of protonated emeraldine polymer: A granular polymeric metal system

Cited by 342 publications

References 16 publications

Charge Transport in Conducting Polymers: Polyacetylene Nanofibres

Charge Transport in Conducting Polymers: Polyacetylene Nanofibres

Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties

Morphology and Charge Transport Properties of Chemically Synthesized Polyaniline-poly(ε-caprolactone) Polymer Films

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