Transplantation of adipose derived stromal cells is associated with functional improvement in a rat model of chronic myocardial infarction

Abstract

Aims: To determine the effect of transplantation of undifferentiated and cardiac pre-differentiated adipose stem cells compared with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) in a chronic model of myocardial infarction. Methods: Ninety-five Sprague-Dawley rats underwent left coronary artery ligation and after 1 month received by direct intramyocardial injection either adipose derived stem cells (ADSC), cardiomyogenic cells (AD-CMG) or BM-MNC from enhanced-Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) mice. The control group was treated with culture medium. Heart function was assessed by echocardiography and 18 F-FDG microPET. Cell engraftment, differentiation, angiogenesis and fibrosis in the scar tissue were also evaluated by (immuno)histochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results: One month after cell transplantation, ADSC induced a significant improvement in heart function (LVEF 46.3 ± 9.6% versus 27.7 ± 8% pre-transplant) and tissue viability (64.78 ± 7.2% versus 55.89 ± 6.3% pre-transplant). An increase in the degree of angiogenesis and a decrease in fibrosis were also detected. Although transplantation of AD-CMG or BM-MNC also had a positive, albeit smaller, effect on angiogenesis and fibrosis in the infarcted hearts, this benefit did not translate into a significant improvement in heart function or tissue viability. Conclusion: These results indicate that transplantation of adipose derived cells in chronic infarct provides a superior benefit to cardiac predifferentiated ADSC and BM-MNC.

Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a New Host Cell in Latent Leishmaniasis

“…One study reported that ADMSCs show properties similar to macrophages in wounds. 16 In another study, it was shown that pre-adipocytes can develop macrophage-like phagocytic characteristics. 32 In our study, although the data are preliminary and it only confers the in vitro results, it has been shown, for the first time, that visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis-causing parasite types can infect ADMSCs.…”

“…14 Although increased numbers of reports have been published on the effectiveness of ADMSCs in animal models and several phase III clinical trials, similar disease transmission risks can also be applicable in stem cell transplantations using adipose tissue and its cellular derivatives. 15 Although the phagocytic property of ADMSCs has been reported in one study, 16 to our knowledge, there have not been any studies that report the interaction between ADMSCs and Leishmania parasites. For this reason, in this study, the interaction between ADMSCs and the different types of Leishmania parasites have been investigated in vitro .…”

General Overview of the Seventh International Symposium on Stem Cell Therapy and Cardiovascular Innovations

“…In animal models of infarction these cells have been proven capable of improving ventricular function [11,12].…”

Synergistic effect of adipose-derived stem cell therapy and bone marrow progenitor recruitment in ischemic heart

“…Indeed, very recent studies have shown the therapeutic efficacy of ADSCs, which were isolated (and cultured) by different methods, in animal MI models. 9,[16][17][18] However, precise mechanistic insights of the favorable effect of ADSCs on cardiac functional recovery following MI have never been shown in the previous reports. We therefore tested the hypothesis that hMADCs had a favorable effect on acute MI exhibiting its capability of differentiation into vascular cells and cardiomyocytes and other biological activities in ischemic myocardium.…”

“…On the other hand, tissues such as cord blood, 4 placenta, 5 skeletal muscle, 6 skin, 7 and adipose tissue-derived resident stem cells 8,9 have also been shown to have regenerative capacity in certain diseases, including cardiovascular disease animal models. Among the various sources of tissue-derived stem cells, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are one of the promising candidates as a tool for cell-based regenerative medicine, and the usage of ADSCs are not remote from clinical field because of its feasibility for collecting sufficient number of cells with the methodological simpleness.…”