Transmission Rates of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections from Pregnant Women to Newborns, Tehran, Iran

Esteghamati, Abdoulreza; Mazouri, Ali; Sayyahfar, Shirin; Khanaliha, Khadijeh; Haghighi, Fatemeh; Faramarzi, Mohammad; Hasanabad, Morteza Haghighi

doi:10.5812/jjm.92549

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In particular, our finding on the rate of C. trachomatis infection among pregnant women at term (10.8%) is within the ranges reported in the previous surveys from Tehran. In the last published study from Tehran, for example, the prevalence of C. trachomatis infection among pregnant women at term was reported as 8.8% which is similar to the results of this study ( 14 ). Also, based on another report from this region the C. trachomatis DNA was detected in urine samples of 11.2% of pregnant women at different trimesters ( 15 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and evaluation of its genotypes among pregnant women in Tehran, Iran

Esteghamati¹,

Sayyahfar²,

Khanaliha³

et al. 2022

IJM

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Background and Objectives: Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen. Infection with C. trachomatis in pregnant women can result inmaternal and fetal death, due to pelvic inflammatory disease. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate this infection in pregnant women and identify circulating genotypes of C. trachomatis in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: Endocervical swabs were obtained from 101 pregnant women and tested by PCR assay to detect cryptic plasmid gene. Positiveisolates were analyzed for C. trachomatis genotypes through amplification and sequencing of the omp1 gene and alignment with deposited sequences in Gene Bank. Results: Infection with C. trachomatis was observed in 11 cases, yielding an overall prevalence of 10.8% in total. The ma- jority of infected women were asymptomatic and the rate of infection was found more in women at the age of ≥30 years. However, no statistical association was found between C. trachomatisinfection and risk factors in pregnant women. Analysis of isolated sequences revealed genotypes E (44.4%), D and F (both 22.2%), and K (11.2%) as maingenotypes of C. tracho- matis in this region. Conclusion: Results of this study showed the prevalence of C. trachomatis infections among pregnant women is relatively high. Identifying the precise rate of infection and associated genotypes in other regions is suggested.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and evaluation of its genotypes among pregnant women in Tehran, Iran

Esteghamati¹,

Sayyahfar²,

Khanaliha³

et al. 2022

IJM

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“…Importantly, this study documented the possible mechanism of mother-to-child transmission of C. trachomatis, suggesting that the microorganisms can directly attack the fetus at an early gestational age or the transmission that can occur within the uterus through a transplacental or ascending infection when the organisms can be found in the space between the decidua and the membranes, within the fetal membranes, in the amniotic uid, or within the placenta. The respiratory tract and eyes are the main target sites of Chlamydia infection in babies responsible for the clinical manifestations 8, 10 . In agreement with this, this study documented the association between neonatal Chlamydia infection and perinatal pneumonia but not conjunctivitis based on proportional hazards Cox analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, 30-50% of Chlamydia cases present conjunctivitis and pneumonia [6][7][8] . In the neonatal stage, it is usually associated with upper respiratory tract infections because the nasopharynx is the most frequently infected site, and approximately 20% of newborns develop early-onset pneumonia and ocular infection 9,10 . Previous studies have documented direct infection associated with damage to the lung, brain, liver, and kidney in premature infants of mothers with a history of vaginal infection 11 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Identifying the impact of Chlamydia trachomatis screening and treatment on mother-to child transmission and respiratory neonatal outcomes in Mexico

Arteaga-Troncoso¹,

López‐Hurtado²,

Yescas-Buendía³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Unfavorable pregnancy outcomes caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), such as premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, and low birth weight, are well known. Mother-to-child transmission can occur at the time of birth and may result in conjunctivitis and pneumonia in the newborn. We therefore evaluated to question whether just one maternal screening for Chlamydia is enough to prevent adverse pregnancy and negative neonatal outcomes. Among the 4,087 first-time gynecological-obstetric consultations granted at the National Institute of Perinatology in 2018, we selected the study population according to a case-cohort design. Antenatal Chlamydia screening and treatment interventions were performed on 628 pregnant women using COBAS® TaqMan CT. Chlamydia DNA was also detected in samples from 157 infants of these mothers. We find that C. trachomatis positivity was detected in 10.5%. The vertical transmission rates were 1.5% for thecohort of mothers with a Chlamydia-positive test and 29.7% for those with a negative test. By evaluating symptomatic neonatal infection, the hazard rate of perinatal pneumonia was 3.6 times higher in Chlamydia-positive babies than in Chlamydia-negative babies. Despite the low rate of mother-to-child transmission in women positive for Chlamydia trachomatisdetected with a nucleic acid amplification test and who received timely treatment, possible maternal reinfectionthat is not detected during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of neonatal infection with consequent perinatal pneumonia.

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“…Statistical analyses were carried out using MedCalc Statistical Software (version 15.8; MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium; https://www.medcalc.org; 2015). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Hospitalized Neonates in Tehran, Iran

Noorbakhsh

Farhadi

Rezaei

et al. 2020

ircmj

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Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can vertically transmit from infected mothers to fetuses and causes congenital infection in newborns. Unfortunately, there have been limited data available on the prevalence of congenital CMV (cCMV) infection among Iranian neonates at higher risk of infection. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of cCMV infection among hospitalized neonates in Tehran, Iran, and investigate the diagnostic values of CMV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on Guthrie cards in comparison to those reported for urine specimens. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on the hospitalized neonates with 3 weeks of age. The urine specimens and Guthrie cards were taken from each eligible newborn. Total nucleic acid was extracted from the samples and tested by PCR for the presence of CMV deoxyribonucleic acid. The cCMV infection was confirmed in the newborns, and the infected neonates underwent further evaluation. Results: Out of 224 newborns, CMV infection was identified in 11 neonates (4.9%). There were no factors in association with cCMV infection. The sensitivity and specificity of dried blood spot (DBS) samples for the identification of newborns with cCMV infection were 90% and 99%, respectively. Conclusions: A significant number of hospitalized neonates in the present study were infected with cCMV infection. The results of the current study revealed that Guthrie cards had adequate sensitivity for the identification of CMV infection in the hospitalized newborns. Since symptomatic newborns with cCMV infection have a higher chance for the development of early- or late-onset sequelae of infection, it is recommended to diagnose and treat this group of newborns.

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Transmission Rates of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections from Pregnant Women to Newborns, Tehran, Iran

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and evaluation of its genotypes among pregnant women in Tehran, Iran

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and evaluation of its genotypes among pregnant women in Tehran, Iran

Identifying the impact of Chlamydia trachomatis screening and treatment on mother-to child transmission and respiratory neonatal outcomes in Mexico

Prevalence of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Hospitalized Neonates in Tehran, Iran

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