Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus spp. from Infected Dogs to the Home Environment and Owners

Røken, Mari; Iakhno, Stanislav; Haaland, Anita Haug; Wasteson, Yngvild; Bjelland, Ane Mohn

doi:10.3390/antibiotics11050637

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…. be kept informed given the zoonotic potential of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (13,14). The present study was limited to cases where Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was determined to be the only primary pathogen identified to reduce variability and better focus on the variable of interest (i.e., MDR status).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, MDR identification provides critical data for healthcare professionals to reduce the risk of nosocomial infections (e.g., disinfection and sterilization of contact areas) ( 15 ) and to ensure surveillance of any emergent antibacterial resistance. Last, owners of canine patients with MDR strains should ideally be kept informed given the zoonotic potential of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ( 13 , 14 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A component of normal flora in canines, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is increasingly recognized as a major pathogen in various body systems of dogs including eyes, skin, ears, respiratory tract, reproductive tract, and urinary tract ( 11 , 12 ). Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is also an emerging pathogen in humans ( 13 ) with reported transmission from infected dogs to the home environment and owners ( 14 ), as well as cross-contaminations to other veterinary patients in clinical settings ( 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of multi-drug resistance on clinical outcomes of dogs with corneal ulcers infected with Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveCompare characteristics and clinical outcomes of dogs with infectious keratitis from Staphylococcus pseudintermedius considered to be multidrug-resistant (MDR) or not.ProceduresStaphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated as the primary pathogen from canine patients with ulcerative keratitis were considered MDR if resistant to at least one agent in three or more classes of antibiotics. Medical records were reviewed for history, patients' characteristics, clinical appearance, therapeutic interventions, and clinical outcomes.ResultsTwenty-eight dogs (28 eyes) were included. Compared to non-MDR cases, MDR diagnosis was significantly more common in dogs with recent (≤30 days) anesthesia (7/15 vs. 1/13, P = 0.038) and more common in non-brachycephalic dogs (8/15 vs. 2/13, P = 0.055). Clinical appearance (ulcer size/depth, anterior chamber reaction, etc.) did not differ significantly between groups (P ≥ 0.055). Median (range) time to re-epithelialization was longer in MDR vs. non-MDR eyes [29 (10–47) vs. 22 (7–42) days] but the difference was not significant (P = 0.301). Follow-up time was significantly longer in dogs with MDR keratitis [47 (29–590) vs. 29 (13–148) days, P = 0.009]. No other significant differences were noted between MDR and non-MDR eyes in regard to time for ulcer stabilization [4 (1–17) days vs. 4 (1–12), P = 0.699], number of eyes requiring surgical stabilization (7/15 vs. 7/13, P = 0.246) or enucleation (1/15 vs. 2/13, P = 1.000), success in maintaining globe (14/15 vs. 11/13, P = 0.583) or success in maintaining vision (12/15 vs. 10/13, P = 1.000).ConclusionsMDR infections may prolong corneal healing time but did not appear to affect overall clinical outcomes in dogs with bacterial keratitis. Further research is warranted in a larger canine population and other bacterial species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of multi-drug resistance on clinical outcomes of dogs with corneal ulcers infected with Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

et al. 2022

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“…(MRS) from infected dogs to their owners, we found several species of MRCoNS and MR Mammaliicoccus spp. (MRM) in the same home environments [ 12 ]. These findings led us to wonder if there was an association between the dogs’ infection status and the existence of MRCoNS and MRM in their homes, or if MRCoNS was a standard feature in all kinds of homes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Home Environment Is a Reservoir for Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Mammaliicocci

Røken,

Iakhno,

Haaland

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and mammaliicocci are opportunistic human and animal pathogens, often resistant to multiple antimicrobials, including methicillin. Methicillin-resistant CoNS (MRCoNS) have traditionally been linked to hospitals and healthcare facilities, where they are significant contributors to nosocomial infections. However, screenings of non-hospital environments have linked MRCoNS and methicillin-resistant mammaliicocci (MRM) to other ecological niches. The aim of this study was to explore the home environment as a reservoir for MRCoNS and MRM. A total of 33 households, including households with a dog with a methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infection, households with healthy dogs or cats and households without pets, were screened for MRCoNS and MRM by sampling one human, one pet (if present) and the environment. Samples were analyzed by a selective culture-based method, and bacterial species were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by the agar disk diffusion method. Following whole-genome sequencing, a large diversity of SCCmec elements and sequence types was revealed, which did not indicate any clonal dissemination of specific strains. Virulome and mobilome analyses indicated a high degree of species specificity. Altogether, this study documents that the home environment is a reservoir for a variety of MRCoNS and MRM regardless of the type of household.

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“…Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ( S. pseudintermedius ) is a component of the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG), which also includes S. intermedius and S. delphini ( 7 ). As a zoonotic pathogen and opportunistic bacterium, S. pseudintermedius is most frequently associated with animal diseases such as pyoderma, otitis externa, and keratoconjunctivitis ( 6 , 8 – 11 ). Human infections with S. pseudintermedius are less common than those in dogs, but reports on the identification of S. pseudintermedius as a human pathogen are increasing ( 12 , 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence factors of isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis

Wang

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Canine bacterial keratitis is a common infection that can potentially threaten vision. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (S. pseudintermedius) is an opportunistic pathogen that has been isolated from the canine conjunctival sac but there are only a few reports on the role of this bacterium in canine keratitis. This study focused on the distribution rate of S. pseudintermedius in the canine conjunctival sac, and the antibiotic resistance, biofilm-producing ability, and dissemination of virulence factors in strains of S. pseudintermedius isolated from healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis. The study included 35 healthy dogs and 40 dogs with keratitis. Bacterial species were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS). Strains of S. pseudintermedius were screened for resistance against nine different antibiotics by the Kirby–Bauer assay. The ability to produce biofilm was investigated by microtiter plate assay (MtP) and amplification of icaA and icaD genes. Virulence factors in the strains were also evaluated. A total of 132 aerobic bacteria were isolated from the 119 samples in the study. Among them, 67 bacterial strains were isolated from 70 eyes of healthy dogs, and 65 bacterial strains were isolated from 49 eyes of dogs with keratitis. The prevalence of S. pseudintermedius, which was the most frequent bacterial isolate in both the groups, was 20.9% in the healthy group and 23.08% in the keratitis group. Most of the isolates of S. pseudintermedius were sensitive to rifampin (96.6%), oxacillin (100%), and neomycin (96.6%), and resistant to tetracycline (96.6%). Virulence factors such as lip (96.6%), hlgB (96.6%), and hlgA (96.6%) were found in most of the isolates, and 89.66% of isolates were classed as biofilm producers. In conclusion, S. pseudintermedius was the common bacterium in the conjunctivital sac of the healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis in Yangzhou, China, and the presence of virulence factors and biofilm-formation ability were high in the strains isolated from the dogs with keratitis.

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Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus spp. from Infected Dogs to the Home Environment and Owners

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Impact of multi-drug resistance on clinical outcomes of dogs with corneal ulcers infected with Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

Impact of multi-drug resistance on clinical outcomes of dogs with corneal ulcers infected with Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

The Home Environment Is a Reservoir for Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Mammaliicocci

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence factors of isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis

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