Transmission of Infection by Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Bronchoscopy

Spach, David H.; Silverstein, Fred E.; Stamm, Walter E.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-118-2-199301150-00008

Cited by 500 publications

(232 citation statements)

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“…The proportion of HAI which could be prevented by improved decontamination practice is difficult, if not impossible, to estimate. However it is well known that decontamination failures can result in a range of infections 6,7 . It is likely that in many sporadic cases of HAI, the fact that ineffective decontamination has been a contributing factor, will often go unrecognised.…”

Section: Hospital Acquired Infection (Hai)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative assessment of residual protein levels on dental instruments reprocessed by manual, ultrasonic and automated cleaning methods

Vassey¹,

Budge²,

Poolman³

et al. 2011

Br Dent J

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Section: Hospital Acquired Infection (Hai)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative assessment of residual protein levels on dental instruments reprocessed by manual, ultrasonic and automated cleaning methods

Vassey¹,

Budge²,

Poolman³

et al. 2011

Br Dent J

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“…Microorganisms present in the colon such as Pseudomonas, Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella, Hepatitis B and C, and others have been hold responsible for endoscopy-related infections (14)(15)(16)(17). Another interesting question is whether endoscopy could be responsible for in-hospital spread of Norwalk-virus gastroenteritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Suctioning During Colon Biopsy Acquisition Reduces Bacterial Contamination

Vavricka¹,

Imhof²,

Wildi³

et al. 2006

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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Background and Aim: Contamination of endoscopy suites with bacteria during procedures is of concern particularly through droplets during handling of biopsy specimens. It has been advocated that suctioning while removing the biopsy forceps could help to reduce potentially hazardous bioaerosols. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of air suctioning during removal of the biopsy forceps. Materials and Methods: Airborne bacteria were collected by an impactor air-sampler (MAS-100). Fifty liters of air were collected continuously for 30 seconds at a 30 cm distance from the colonoscope suction channel. Room air samples were taken in the endoscopy suite in the morning prior to the beginning of the endoscopy program, during colonoscopy with a sham biopsy in the descending colon with and without suctioning and at the end of the procedure day. Standard 90 mm Petri dishes containing a selective medium for gram-positive cocci (CNA blood agar) were used with the impaction sampler and colony forming units/m3 (cfu) were determined. Results: Measurements were performed at fifty consecutive colonoscopies. Prior to the beginning of the endoscopy program, the bioaerosol burden in the colonoscopy suite reached a mean of 4.2 cfu/m3. During colonoscopies performed without suctioning at biopsy the bioaerosol burden increased to 29.4 cfu/m3 whereas this burden increased only to 15.1 cfu/m3 when the suctioning was applied during removal of the biopsy forceps. The difference in bioaerosol burden between suctioning and no suctioning was highly significant (p < 0.0005). At the end of the procedure day the airborne bacteria count dropped to 15.6 cfu/m3. The analysis of the colonies on the CNA blood agar identified predominantly enterococci. Staphylococci spp. and other gram-positive bacteria were rarely isolated. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the bioaerosol burden during handling of biopsy specimens is not neglectable but can be reduced by the simple habit of applying suctioning during acquisition of biopsies. This practice might be an important infection-control measure during gastrointestinal endoscopies. Air Suctioning During Colon Abstract (Word count 245)Background and Aim: Contamination of endoscopy suites with bacteria during procedures is of concern. It has been advocated that suctioning while removing biopsy forceps could help to reduce hazardous bioaerosols. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of air suctioning during removal of biopsy forceps. Materials and Methods:During colonoscopy endoscopists were asked to remove the biopsy forceps with and without suction after having touched the sigmoid mucosa.Fifty litres of air were collected continuously for 30 seconds at 30 cm distance from the colonoscope suction channel. Airborne bacteria were collected by an impactor air-sampler (MAS-100). Standard 90 mm Petri dishes with CNA blood agar were used to culture gram positive cocci. Room measurements prior to the first endoscopy and after the last endoscopy of the day were ...

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“…No Hospital São Paulo, as broncoscopias são realizadas rotineiramente, em um local reservado para este procedimento, em pacientes internados e ambulatoriais. Entre um paciente e outro, o aparelho é submetido a uma desinfecção de alto nível com glutaraldeído a 2% por 20 minutos realizado por profissional não médico treinado, ou pelo médico broncoscopista, e que segue o seguinte protocolo (36)(37)(38)(39)(40) .…”

Section: Casuística E Métodounclassified

Avaliação do risco de contaminação por bactérias, no paciente submetido à broncoscopia, após o reprocessamento do broncoscópio

et al. 2002

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Introdução: A broncoscopia é um procedimento diagnóstico e terapêutico realizado com a introdução nas vias aéreas de um tubo flexível que permite visualizar até as menores delas. Para evitar ou reduzir o risco de infecções, o broncoscópio deve ser adequadamente desinfetado com, pelo menos, desinfecção de alto nível. Objetivo: Verificar se há risco de contaminação bacteriana para os pacientes submetidos à broncoscopia do Hospital São Paulo da Unifesp, Estado de São Paulo. Métodos: No período de 1997 a 1998, o reprocessamento do broncoscópio incluiu limpeza e enxágüe com água estéril ou potável, seguida de rinsagem com glutaraldeído a 2% por 20 minutos, novo enxágüe com água estéril ou potável e rinsagem com álcool etílico a 70% e secagem com ar forçado pelo canal de sucção. Foram colhidas amostras de 65 pacientes para exames microbiológicos, instalando-se soro fisiológico estéril pelo canal de sucção do broncoscópio. Resultados: Após o reprocessamento foram encontrados nas amostras Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter sp, Acinetobacter baumanni, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus beta hemoliticus A, Staphylococcus coagulase negativa e em cinco amostras houve crescimento de microbactéria na cultura. Conclusões: A desinfecç ão do broncoscópio com glutaraldeído a 2% não foi suficiente para garantir a desinfecção do aparelho e a presença de Staphylococcus epidermidis indica que houve contaminação do broncoscópio pela manipulação após a desinfecção.

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Transmission of Infection by Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Bronchoscopy

Cited by 500 publications

References 0 publications

A quantitative assessment of residual protein levels on dental instruments reprocessed by manual, ultrasonic and automated cleaning methods

A quantitative assessment of residual protein levels on dental instruments reprocessed by manual, ultrasonic and automated cleaning methods

Air Suctioning During Colon Biopsy Acquisition Reduces Bacterial Contamination

Avaliação do risco de contaminação por bactérias, no paciente submetido à broncoscopia, após o reprocessamento do broncoscópio

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