Transitions to sustainable management of phosphorus in Brazilian agriculture

Withers, Paul J. A.; Rodrigues, Marcos; Soltangheisi, Amin; Carvalho, Teotônio Soares de; Guilherme, Luiz Roberto Guimarães; Benites, V. de M.; Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo; Sousa, D. M. G. de; Nunes, Rafael de Souza; Rosolem, Ciro Antônio; Andreote, Fernando Dini; Oliveira, Adílson de; Coutinho, Edson Luiz Mendes; Pavinato, Paulo Sérgio

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20887-z

Cited by 200 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A recent global‐scale analysis of agricultural P inputs and outputs (Mogollón et al, 2018) provided data for comparing the historical case of Brazil to those of the United States and western Europe, from 1900 through 2000. To bring the balances up to date, current statistics from FAOSTAT, IFASTAT, NuGIS, and Withers et al (2018) were used to continue the fertilizer and crop removal series to 2016. Manure inputs were assumed to follow the model projections in Mogollón et al (2018).…”

Section: Legacies Across Latitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While a simple linear projection of this trend might imply that Brazil's ratio of cumulative surplus to current crop removal will exceed that of western Europe within a few decades, there are indications that inputs on Brazilian farms could be reduced on soils that have been in production for a few decades. Results of several long‐term field experiments show yield optimization at rates not exceeding crop removal (Withers et al, 2018). …”

Section: Legacies Across Latitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that even on tropical soils, given sufficient history of soil P accumulation with attention to soil conserving residue management practices, farmers may be able to reduce their P inputs to levels replenishing crop removal, while continuing to expand and intensify their production. Withers et al (2018) noted that “combined use of no‐till, cover crops, and 4R enable a transition to align P inputs more closely with crop offtake.” This finding bodes well for sustainable enhancement of food and nutrition security using appropriate management of tropical soils. Tropical soils offer more opportunities to increase cropping frequency than those in temperate regions, and thus there is high potential return to the investment in their P fertility.…”

Section: Legacies Across Latitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Science of 4R Nutrient Stewardship for Phosphorus Management across Latitudes

Bruulsema¹,

Peterson

Prochnow

2019

J of Env Quality

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When phosphorus (P) fertilizers were introduced, the main goals were to increase the productivity and profitability of agricultural crop production. Over time, other goals have been added: to minimize losses affecting water quality, to increase recycling, to reduce consumption of the limited resource, to improve soil health, and to enhance biodiversity. The science of 4R nutrient stewardship addresses these multiple goals. Across latitudes, temperate and tropical soils differ in their chemical reactivity with P. Legacies of cumulative P surplus, however, differ more widely across longitudes than latitudes. As of 2016, the ratio of cumulative P surplus to current crop P removal ranged from 18 in the United States to 31 in Brazil to 63 in western Europe. The opportunity to use these legacies to improve P use efficiency—and to reduce risk of harm to water quality—in all three regions depends on the improvement of tools to assess the availability of soil P to crops. Science focused on balanced crop nutrition and systematic analysis of crop response has the opportunity to improve farm‐level tools to guide responsible management of P. Transitions in 4R practice depend on engagement between science and industry not only at the farm level but along the full agricultural value chain. Whole‐system changes may be necessary to enable practitioners to implement 4R nutrient stewardship strategies that can in turn result in major improvements to full‐chain use efficiency of the earth's P resources. Core Ideas The science of 4R nutrient stewardship supports multiple ecosystem services. Intensive crop production often requires a legacy of P surplus. Legacies of cumulative P surplus vary among regions. Transitions in P management require science–industry engagement.

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Section: Legacies Across Latitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Legacies Across Latitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Legacies Across Latitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Science of 4R Nutrient Stewardship for Phosphorus Management across Latitudes

Bruulsema¹,

Peterson

Prochnow

2019

J of Env Quality

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“…Valadão Júnior et al (2008), and Araújo et al (2008), applying P in a Typical Haplorthox, based on the expected soybean yield, found maximum plant height at 140 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 and 192.07 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 , respectively. These possible differences found for the same soil class are strongly influenced by mineralogy, which differentiates between soils, reinforcing the need to know this attribute, in order to estimate PAC and, consequently, conduct the strategic management of phosphate fertilizers (Peluco et al, 2015;Withers et al, 2018). Figure 4.…”

Section: B ------------------------------------------F Values -----mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and Maximum Phosphorus Adsorption Capacity in Soybean Development

Oliveira¹,

Silva²,

Souza³

et al. 2018

JAS

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The low natural fertility of tropical soils and the mineralogy almost dominated by iron and aluminum oxides limit the availability of phosphorus (P) to the plants, causing negative impacts on soybean yield. Objective was to evaluate the effect of phosphate fertilization on soils with different maximum phosphorus adsorption capacities (PAC) in soybean development. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, using Red-yellow Latosol (RYL) and a Typic Hapludalf (TH) soil as substrate. The analyses were performed by a completely randomized experimental design in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement with three replications. The treatments consisted of 5 doses of P applied, corresponding to 0, 1, 6, 12, and 24% of PAC of each soil. In the soil, the mineralogy of the clay fraction (hematite, goethite, gibbsite and kaolinite) and crystallographic attributes were characterized. In the plant, we evaluated growth and pod production. The PAC of the soils ranged from 220 to 650 mg dm -3 with higher value in the RYL associated to clayey oxidic mineralogy and texture in relation to the TH of kaolinite origin and sandy texture, where the higher energy of adsorption observed was to TH. Phosphorus application from 16 to 21% of PAC, independently of the soil, promotes the same pattern of response with improvements in soybean development evidenced by increases in P content in plant tissue, plant height, root volume and aerial dry mass.

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“…However, recent estimates of world phosphate rock reserves (i.e., the extractable proportion of the reserve base at the time of determination) increased >4.5‐fold, from 15,000 Tg in 2008 to 70,000 Tg in 2018 (USGS, 2018), owing to newly discovered reserves in Morocco and the Western Sahara. Nevertheless, continued P deficiencies are expected in regions with high P‐fixing soils and low nutrient inputs with manure as a primary P source (Scholz et al, 2013; Withers et al, 2018). Furthermore, the geopolitical positioning and trade agreements of the six nations that together hold >85% of the world's P reserves will likely control the global distribution of P fertilizer (Schröder et al, 2010; USGS, 2018; Withers et al, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Phosphorus Modeling for Modern Agriculture Requires Balance of Science and Practicality: A Perspective

et al. 2019

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The use of phosphorus (P) fertilizers in arable crop and pastoral systems is expected to change as modern agriculture is challenged to produce more food with fewer inputs. Agricultural systems models offer a dual purpose to support and integrate recent scientific advances and to identify strategies for farmers to improve nutrient efficiency. However, compared with nitrogen and carbon, advances in P modeling have been less successful. We assessed the potential opportunity of P modeling to increase P efficiency for modern agriculture and identified the current challenges associated with modeling P dynamics at the field scale. Three major constraints were (i) a paucity of detailed field datasets to model strategies aimed at increasing P use efficiency, (ii) a limited ability to predict P cycling and availability under the local effects of climate change, and (iii) a restricted ability to match measured soil P fractions to conceptual and modelable pools in soils with different mineral properties. To improve P modeling success, modelers will need to walk a tightrope to balance the roles of assisting detailed empirical research and providing practical land management solutions. We conclude that a framework for interdisciplinary collaboration is needed to acquire suitable datasets, continually assess the need for model adjustment, and provide flexibility for progression of scientific theory. Such an approach is likely to advance P management for increased P use efficiency. Core Ideas Models can complement research and identify strategies to increase P efficiency. A variety of quality long‐term field trials is needed to advance model capabilities. Well‐calibrated soil models are needed to assess climate change impacts on P cycling. A framework is needed to streamline multidisciplinary research to improve P management.

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Transitions to sustainable management of phosphorus in Brazilian agriculture

Cited by 200 publications

References 57 publications

The Science of 4R Nutrient Stewardship for Phosphorus Management across Latitudes

The Science of 4R Nutrient Stewardship for Phosphorus Management across Latitudes

Mineralogy and Maximum Phosphorus Adsorption Capacity in Soybean Development

Soil Phosphorus Modeling for Modern Agriculture Requires Balance of Science and Practicality: A Perspective

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