Transitions in Sexual and Reproductive Strategies Among the Caenogastropoda

Collin, Rachel

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94139-4_7

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Therefore, we can only hypothesise that females have larger shells than males because of the different morphologies of their reproductive systems. In studies on other taxa, it has been hypothesised that sexual dimorphism in caenogastropod shells (females either have a larger shell size or a more globose shell) appears to be primarily related to female fecundity or egg mass production ( Collin, 2018 ). Females generally have larger sized shells, especially in the last whorl, resulting in a higher shell volume for egg deposition ( Gofas, 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sexual dimorphism can be observed in a shell’s surface ornamentations ( Dutta et al, 2017 ), size ( Jokinen, Guerette & Kortmann, 1982 ; Son, 1997 ; Estebenet & Cazzaniga, 1998 ; Glöer, Albrecht & Wilke, 2007 ; Pastorino, 2007 ; Kurata & Kikuchi, 2000 ; Son & Hughes, 2000 ; Minton & Wang, 2011 ; Ng et al, 2019 ; Páll-Gergely et al, 2020 ), shape ( Jokinen, Guerette & Kortmann, 1982 ; Keawjam, 1987 ; Son & Hughes, 2000 ; Minton & Wang, 2011 ; Márquez & Averbuj, 2017 ), and pigmentation ( Gofas, 2001 ; Schilthuizen, Sipman & Zwaan, 2017 ). The driving forces that cause dimorphisms in shell characteristics are generally related to reproductive selection ( Pastorino, 2007 ; Collin, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual dimorphism in shell size of the land snail Leptopoma perlucidum (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae)

Phung

Choo

Liew

2022

PeerJ

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Sexual dimorphism in the shell size and shape of land snails has been less explored compared to that of other marine and freshwater snail taxa. This study examined the differences in shell size and shape across both sexes of Leptopoma perlucidum land snails. We collected 84 land snails of both sexes from two isolated populations on two islands off Borneo. A total of five shell size variables were measured: (1) shell height, (2) shell width, (3) shell spire height, (4) aperture height, and (5) aperture width. We performed frequentist and Bayesian t-tests to determine if there was a significant difference between the two sexes of L. perlucidum on each of the five shell measurements. Additionally, the shell shape was quantified based on nine landmark points using the geometric morphometric approach. We used generalised Procrustes and principal component analyses to test the effects of sex and location on shell shape. The results showed that female shells were larger than male shells across all five measurements (all with p-values < 0.05), but particularly in regards to shell height and shell width. Future taxonomic studies looking to resolve the Leptopoma species’ status should consider the variability of shell size caused by sexual dimorphism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in shell size of the land snail Leptopoma perlucidum (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae)

Phung

Choo

Liew

2022

PeerJ

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“…Although definitions of hermaphroditism imply sharp distinctions between sequential and simultaneous hermaphroditism, the underlying biology is not so clear-cut ( Heller 1993 ; Collin 2013 ; Leonard 2018 ). Apportioning of reproductive output between male and female functions in simultaneous hermaphrodites often changes in response to environmental inputs, including social and physical environment ( Tomiyama 1996 ; Yusa 1996 ; Lorenzi et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molluscs are an excellent group in which to study reproductive diversification and the mechanisms underlying transitions between sexual systems. Molluscan sexual systems are highly labile and include multiple origins of simultaneous and sequential hermaphroditism, with the greatest diversity of sexual systems in molluscs found in gastropods and bivalves ( Collin 2013 , 2018 ; Lesoway and Henry 2019 ). Within gastropods, separate sexes are thought to be ancestral, and both simultaneous and sequential hermaphroditism have evolved repeatedly ( Collin 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within gastropods, separate sexes are thought to be ancestral, and both simultaneous and sequential hermaphroditism have evolved repeatedly ( Collin 2013 ). For example, all members of the family Calyptraeidae are sequential hermaphrodites ( Collin 2013 , 2018 ; Lesoway and Henry 2019 ), and the subclass Heterobranchia, which includes both land snails (pulmonates) and sea slugs (e.g., nudibranchs), is considered (primarily) simultaneously hermaphroditic ( Heller 1993 ; Jarne and Auld 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precocious Sperm Exchange in the Simultaneously Hermaphroditic Nudibranch,Berghia stephanieae

Taraporevala

Lesoway

Goodheart

et al. 2022

Integrative Organismal Biology

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Sexual systems vary greatly across molluscs. This diversity includes simultaneous hermaphroditism, with both sexes functional at the same time. Most nudibranch molluscs are thought to be simultaneous hermaphrodites, but detailed studies of reproductive development and timing remain rare as most species cannot be cultured in the lab. The aeolid nudibranch, Berghia stephanieae, is one such species that can be cultured through multiple generations on the benchtop. We studied B. stephanieae reproductive timing to establish when animals first exchange sperm and how long sperm can be stored. We isolated age- and size-matched individuals at sequential timepoints to learn how early individuals exchange sperm. Individuals isolated at 10 weeks post initial feeding (wpf; ∼13 weeks post laying, wpl) can produce fertilized eggs. This is 6 weeks before animals first lay egg masses, indicating that sperm exchange occurs well before individuals are capable of laying eggs. Our results indicate that male gonads become functional for animals between 6 mm (∼6wpf, ∼9 wpl) and 9 mm (∼12wpf, ∼15 wpl) in length. That is much smaller (and sooner) than the size (and age) of individuals at first laying (12–19 mm; ∼16 wpf, ∼19 wpl), indicating that male and female functions do not develop simultaneously. We also tracked the number of fertilized eggs in each egg mass, which remained steady for the first 10–15 egg masses, followed by a decline to near-to-no fertilization. This dataset provides insights into precise timing of the onset of functionality of the male and female reproductive systems in B. stephanieae. These data contribute to a broader understanding of reproductive development and the potential for understanding evolution of diverse sexual systems in molluscs.

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Precocious sperm exchange in the simultaneously hermaphroditic nudibranch,Berghia stephanieae

Taraporevala

Lesoway

Goodheart

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sexual systems vary greatly across molluscs. This diversity includes simultaneous hermaphroditism, with both sexes functional at the same time. Most nudibranch molluscs are thought to be simultaneous hermaphrodites, but detailed studies of reproductive development and timing remain rare as most species cannot be cultured in the lab. The aeolid nudibranch, Berghia stephanieae, is one such species that can be cultured through multiple generations on the benchtop. We studied B. stephanieae reproductive timing to establish when animals first exchange sperm and how long sperm can be stored. We isolated age- and size-matched individuals at sequential timepoints to learn how early individuals exchange sperm. Individuals isolated at 13 weeks post laying (wpl) can produce fertilized eggs. This is 6 weeks before animals first lay egg masses, indicating that sperm exchange occurs well before individuals are capable of laying eggs. Our results indicate that male gonads become functional for animals between 6 mm (~9 wpl) and 9 mm (~15 wpl) in length. That is much smaller (and sooner) than the size (and age) of individuals at first laying (12-19 mm; ~19 wpl), indicating that male and female functions do not develop simultaneously. We also tracked the number of fertilized eggs in each egg mass, which remained steady for the first 10-15 egg masses, followed by a decline to near-to-no fertilization. This large, novel dataset provides insights into precise timing of the onset of functionality of the male and female reproductive systems in B. stephanieae. These data contribute to a broader understanding of reproductive development and the potential for understanding evolution of diverse sexual systems in molluscs.

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Transitions in Sexual and Reproductive Strategies Among the Caenogastropoda

Cited by 3 publications

References 143 publications

Sexual dimorphism in shell size of the land snail Leptopoma perlucidum (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae)

Sexual dimorphism in shell size of the land snail Leptopoma perlucidum (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae)

Precocious Sperm Exchange in the Simultaneously Hermaphroditic Nudibranch,Berghia stephanieae

Precocious sperm exchange in the simultaneously hermaphroditic nudibranch,Berghia stephanieae

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