Transforming Municipal Solid Waste into Construction Materials

Sofi, Massoud; Sabri, Ylias M.; Zhou, Zhiyuan; Mendis, Priyan

doi:10.3390/su11092661

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…It was concluded that, using Malaysian cement and aggregates instead of the corresponding Singapore materials, the high-strength concrete potential and embodied energy reduced to 11% and 31%, respectively. e effects of by-products' usage and waste materials as supplementary cementitious systems have been also extensively investigated [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. As a result, fly ashes [21,27], metakaolin [30], geopolymers [31,32], slags (such as steel slags) [24,25], and sugar cane bagasse ash [33][34][35][36] were added to green concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Concrete Structures with Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash

Berenguer

Lima

Valdés

et al. 2020

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The environmental impact of cement production increased significantly in the previous years. For each ton of cement produced, approximately a ton of carbon dioxide is emitted in decarbonation (50%), clinker furnace combustion (40%), raw materials transport (5%), and electricity (5%). Green strategies have been advanced to reduce it, adding natural or waste materials to substitute components or reinforce the mortar, like fibers or ashes. Sugar cane bagasse ash is a by-product generated from sugar boilers and alcohol factories with capacity to be used in concrete production. Composed mainly of silica, it can be used as mortar and concrete mineral admixture, providing great economic and environmental advantages, particularly in regions with sugar culture and industrial transformation like Brazil. In this research, a study of partial substitution of Portland cement by sugar cane bagasse (SCB) is analyzed, in order to reduce clinker in concrete volume, responsible for high emission of CO2 to the atmosphere. An experimental campaign with cementitious pastes was carried out to evaluate the durability properties’ changes due to SCB ash use. Samples containing 15% of sugarcane bagasse ash unveiled good results in terms of durability, indicating that concrete structure with sugar cane ash research is a new and important scientific topic to be highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Concrete Structures with Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash

Berenguer

Lima

Valdés

et al. 2020

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…These composite plastics have to be landfilled because they are difficult to separate by conventional mechanical and/or chemical recovery processes (Al-Salem et al, 2009 ; Astrup et al, 2009 ; Singh et al, 2017 ). Recent approaches for valorizing mixed PWs include mixing them with materials such as wood, cement, and ash to turn them into construction materials (Sardot et al, 2012 ; Sofi et al, 2019 ), printable paper-like composites (Fan et al, 2020 ), fiber composites (Keskisaari and Kärki, 2017 ), new polymers (Rahimi and Garciá, 2017 ), and polar waxes (Marek et al, 2015 ). Nanomaterials have also been prepared from single-polymer PW.…”

Section: Waste As Starting Materials For the Production Of Nanoparticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste-Derived Nanoparticles: Synthesis Approaches, Environmental Applications, and Sustainability Considerations

et al. 2020

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For the past few decades, a plethora of nanoparticles have been produced through various methods and utilized to advance technologies for environmental applications, including water treatment, detection of persistent pollutants, and soil/water remediation, amongst many others. The field of materials science and engineering is increasingly interested in increasing the sustainability of the processes involved in the production of nanoparticles, which motivates the exploration of alternative inputs for nanoparticle production as well as the implementation of green synthesis techniques. Herein, we start by overviewing the general aspects of nanoparticle synthesis from industrial, electric/electronic, and plastic waste. We expand on critical aspects of waste identification as a viable input for the treatment and recovery of metal-and carbon-based nanoparticles. We follow-up by discussing different governing mechanisms involved in the production of nanoparticles, and point to potential inferences throughout the synthesis processes. Next, we provide some examples of waste-derived nanoparticles utilized in a proof-of-concept demonstration of technologies for applications in water quality and safety. We conclude by discussing current challenges from the toxicological and life-cycle perspectives that must be taken into consideration before scale-up manufacturing and implementation of waste-derived nanoparticles.

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“…However, it is the least environmentally friendly means of MSW disposal; the use of landfills reduces the efficiency of waste disposal and even causes serious problems, such as groundwater contamination and air pollution with the release of harmful gases from landfill and soil contamination [7]. Incineration can generate electricity, but micro-pollutants emitted from the combustion process are also a concern [8]. In recent years, due to the low efficiency of waste disposal and the above problems, landfills have rarely been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive Mechanism for Municipal Solid Waste Disposal PPP Projects in China

Gui

2020

Sustainability

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In municipal solid waste disposal public–private-partnership (PPP) projects, economic benefits, as well as social and ecological benefits, are critical in sustaining sustainability development. However, private investors may make more efforts for economic benefits than for social and ecological benefits out of self-interest. Because the government does not have the same information that the investors have, information asymmetry leads to opportunistic behavior. To solve these problems, principal–agent models were established to analyze the incentive mechanism for encouraging investors to adopt a positive attitude toward both economic benefits and social and ecological benefits, inhibiting investors’ opportunistic behavior. In particular, numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the relationships between related parameters (c1,c2,ct,a,β,k,λ,p). The results show that the investors with higher comprehensive abilities are more willing to make efforts for social and ecological benefits. An increase in incentive and governance intensity would help to encourage investors to make more efforts for project benefits and to lower the level of opportunistic behavior adopted by investors. The complexity of the task and the fuzziness of the perception of effort input results aggravate the uncertainty and risk of the projects due to information asymmetry. Therefore, real-time and positive incentives are important. In order to ensure the social and ecological benefits of a project, performance standards should be set according to the actual situation; investors prefer fixed compensation with lower risk, but fixed compensation does not have incentive effect, and the proportion should not be too high.

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Transforming Municipal Solid Waste into Construction Materials

Cited by 26 publications

References 52 publications

Durability of Concrete Structures with Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash

Durability of Concrete Structures with Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash

Waste-Derived Nanoparticles: Synthesis Approaches, Environmental Applications, and Sustainability Considerations

Incentive Mechanism for Municipal Solid Waste Disposal PPP Projects in China

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