2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.09.007
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Abstract: Transesterification of soybean oil catalyzed by combusted oyster shell, which is waste material from shellfish farms, was examined. Powdered oyster shell combusted at a temperature above 700 degrees C, at which point the calcium carbonate of oyster shell transformed to calcium oxide, acted as a catalyst in the transesterification of soybean oil. On the basis of factorial design, the reaction conditions of catalyst concentration and reaction time were optimized in terms of the fatty acid methyl ester concentrat… Show more

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Cited by 301 publications
(100 citation statements)
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“…The decomposition procedure for Achatina fulica was adopted from Nakatani et al [16] as described as follow. 100 g of dry shell was decomposed with in electric furnace in air at given temperature (600, 700, 800, and 900 °C) for 3 h and then the combusted shell was stored in desiccators over silica gel for overnight.…”
Section: Decomposition Of Achatina Fulica Shell To Form Calcium Oxidementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The decomposition procedure for Achatina fulica was adopted from Nakatani et al [16] as described as follow. 100 g of dry shell was decomposed with in electric furnace in air at given temperature (600, 700, 800, and 900 °C) for 3 h and then the combusted shell was stored in desiccators over silica gel for overnight.…”
Section: Decomposition Of Achatina Fulica Shell To Form Calcium Oxidementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the several works mentioned above, CaCO 3 in the mollusk shells presented almost the same calcination temperature, i.e. ≥700 °C [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] However, the study conducted by Yang et al [14] has brought us to a conclusion that the calcination process occurred at a low temperature. They worked at temperature intervals of 250-450 °C.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Only a few studies on the utilization of of marine mollusk shells as a catalyst, adsorbent or desulfurizer can be found [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. All the studies used the calcined mollusk shell with a treatment temperature higher than 600 °C and most of them used it as a catalyst in biodiesel production.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In most cases, laboratory grade or synthesized CaO, which is expensive, with or without support has been used as catalyst to transesterify the virgin edible oil to biodiesel, and high yield has been achieved (Liu et al 2008b;Kouzu et al 2008Kouzu et al , 2009Albuquerque et al 2008). Recently, in order to prepare CaO from low expense and useless resources, use of waste materials such as egg shell, oyster shell, mud carb shell, and cockle shell has been reported by Chakraborty et al (2010), Viriya-empikul et al (2010), Nakatani et al (2009) and Boey et al (2009Boey et al ( , 2011, respectively.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%