Transesterification of soybean oil over sulfonic acid functionalised polymeric membranes

Guerreiro, L.; Castanheiro, J.E.; Fonseca, Isabel; Aranda, Rosa María Martín; Ramos, A.M.; Vital, J.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2005.12.012

Cited by 94 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Three-step method 2.1.1 Transesterification: Biodiesel was mainly produce by transesterification reaction describe by Guerreiro et. al., (2006) [11], Dora et. al., (2007) [12].…”

Section: Biodiesel Preparation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiality of Biodiesel Production From Non-Edible Oil: Bangladesh Perspective

et al. 2014

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The present study focuses potentiality of biodiesel production in Bangladesh from non-edible oil. The increasing demands of energy are consumed by using fossil fuels which are non-renewable and will be depleted within 150 years from now if this growth rate stays but if this rate increases further the depleting time will decrease from the estimated one. Because of low reservation of crude oil, Bangladesh has to import oils from other countries, these costs a lot. About 95% of these demands can be meted through biodiesel. Biodiesel prepared from both edible and non-edible oils. After meeting demands of edible oil of the country it is impossible to produce biodiesel from edible oils. But it is possible to meet the biodiesel demand of the country almost 100% through non-edible oil derived biodiesel. Arable lands of Bangladesh can't be used for the growing purposes of non-edible oil seeds, but if rail and road sides are used there is no need for extra lands. After surveying lands for this purpose it seems that Bangladesh can get a total amount of 47750 Km of road and rail side areas for the cultivation of non-edible seeds. Among these forest seeds Nageswar, Pitraj, Sultana champa Ponyal, Rata, Oil palm, Chaulmoogra, Bakul, Kusum, jaina have sufficient oil content along with plenty of growth in Bangladesh. Cultivating these seeds 1100000 tones of biodiesel can be produced on the basis of their oil content and yield. Which decreases the amount of imported crude oil as well as meets the oil demand of the country, thus Bangladesh can be able to save about $6 billion per year means a great economic savings that can be used for the development of the country.

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“…Three-step method 2.1.1 Transesterification: Biodiesel was mainly produce by transesterification reaction describe by Guerreiro et. al., (2006) [11], Dora et. al., (2007) [12].…”

Section: Biodiesel Preparation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiality of Biodiesel Production From Non-Edible Oil: Bangladesh Perspective

et al. 2014

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“…Ao se utilizarem resinas poli(DVB), sintetizadas na presença de NM, conversões de Diferentes catalisadores ácidos poliméricos foram testados por Guerreiro e colaboradores para a metanólise do óleo de soja. 46 Este estudo envolveu duas membranas Nafion ® (N112 e N115, da DuPont), três resinas ácidas Dowex ® (50X8, 50X4 e 50X2, da Dow Chemical) e três membranas de poli(álcool vinílico) (PVA) modificadas, duas utilizando ácido sulfo-succínico como agente de ligação cruzada (PVA20 e PVA5) e outra preparada pela esterificação com ácido 5-sulfo-salicílico de 20% dos grupamentos hidroxila presentes nas ligações cruzadas da matriz de PVA (PVASS20). As reações foram realizadas sob pressão ambiente, com as resinas ácidas sendo testadas na forma de pellets esféricos com diâmetros de 0,331 mm (Dowex ® 50X2), 0,314 mm (Dowex ® 50X4) e 0,078 mm (Dowex ® 50X8), enquanto que as membranas foram utilizadas na forma de pequenas placas de 1 cm 2 de base e espessura média de 0,1 mm.…”

Section: Resinas Trocadoras De íOnsunclassified

Catalisadores heterogêneos para a produção de monoésteres graxos (biodiesel)

Cordeiro¹,

Silva²,

Wypych³

et al. 2011

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 16/6/09; aceito em 29/9/10; publicado na web em 7/1/11 HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION. The recent increase in the world biodiesel demand, along with the need to reduce costs while improving the environmental sustainability of the entire biodiesel production chain, have led to the search for heterogeneous catalysts that would be efficient and highly amenable to recycling. Many classes of materials have been tested for these purposes. Among these are zeolites, ion-exchange resins, inorganic oxides, guanidines, metal complexes, layered compounds and ionic liquids. This review article describes the structure, properties, synthesis and performance of compounds that are catalytic active in both esterification and transesterification reactions.Keywords: heterogeneous catalysts; alcoholysis; esterification. INTRODUÇÃOO uso de combustíveis fósseis é a principal causa do aumento da concentração de gases do efeito estufa na atmosfera. Segundo a Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), a temperatura média da Terra aumentará entre 1,8 e 4 ºC até o ano de 2100 e isto deverá acelerar o derretimento das geleiras, elevar o nível dos oceanos e provocar intensos furacões. O balanço hídrico do planeta também deverá ser alterado, paralelamente ao índice pluviométrico de várias regiões. 1O biodiesel pode ser produzido pela transesterificação, também conhecida como alcoólise, de óleos vegetais e/ou gorduras animais, ou pela esterificação de ácidos graxos livres, mediante a utilização de um catalisador ácido, básico ou enzimático, que pode ser homogêneo ou heterogêneo. Trata-se de um biocombustível que possui grande adaptabilidade à tecnologia atual dos motores do ciclo-diesel, configurando-se como uma alternativa técnica capaz de atender de imediato a toda a frota já existente e movida a diesel de petróleo. O biodiesel também apresenta várias vantagens ambientais em relação ao petrodiesel, como baixos níveis de emissão de monóxido de carbono e material particulado durante a combustão, a não liberação de compostos de enxofre na atmosfera, melhores propriedades combustíveis como o número de cetano e menores emissões dos principais gases do efeito estufa, pois o gás carbônico produzido na sua combustão é quase que totalmente fixado durante o cultivo das oleaginosas. 2,3Industrialmente, o biodiesel ainda é em grande parte produzido por catálise alcalina em meio homogêneo, utilizando alcóxidos metálicos como catalisadores e variando-se o tipo de óleo vegetal, de acordo com a região. Entretanto, para que este processo seja tecnicamente viável, o óleo deve conter baixo teor de ácidos graxos livres para evitar o consumo do catalisador alcalino e assim reduzir o rendimento do processo de alcoólise. Outro requisito importante é que o material graxo possua baixo teor de umidade. Isto porque a água desloca o equilíbrio químico em favor da hidrólise do alcóxido, produzindo o álcool correspondente e o hidróxido do metal utilizado como contra-íon do alcóxido. Além disso, a presença de água pode induzir a hidrólise dos monoé...

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“…Among the various sources of alternative energy, renewable energy from biomass presents a promising alternative to replace some of the conventional fossil fuels. In recent years, a number of studies have shown that vegetable oils such as rapeseed [1], soybean [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and sunflower seed [10,11] oil can be used as sources of biodiesel replacing conventional petroleum-derived diesel fuels. The biodiesel is produced through a transesterification reaction where the triglycerides present in vegetable oil are converted to fatty acid alkyl esters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Palm Oil as the Feedstock for Biodiesel Production via Heterogeneous Transesterification

2008

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The production of biodiesel has become popular recently as a result of increasing demand for a clean, safe and renewable energy. Biodiesel is made from natural renewable sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. The conventional method of producing biodiesel is by reacting vegetable oil with alcohol in the presence of a homogenous catalyst (NaOH). However, this conventional method has some limitations such as the formation of soap, usage of significant quantities of wash water and complicated separation processes. Heterogeneous processes using solid catalysts have significant advantages over homogenous methods. Currently, more than 90 % of world biodiesel is produced using rapeseed oil. The production of biodiesel from rapeseed oil is considered uneconomical, considering the fact that palm oil is currently the world's cheapest vegetable oil. Therefore, the focus of this study is to show the feasibility of producing biodiesel from palm oil using montmorillonite KSF as a heterogeneous catalyst. The heterogeneous transesterification process was studied using design of experiment (DOE), specifically response surface methodology (RSM) based on a four-variable central composite design (CCD) with a = 2. The transesterification process variables were reaction temperature, x 1 (50-190°C), reaction period, x 2 (60-300 min), methanol/oil ratio, x 3 (4-12 mol mol -1) and the amount of catalyst, x 4 (1-5 wt %). It was found that the conversion of palm oil to biodiesel can reach up to 78.7 % using the following reaction conditions: reaction temperature of 155°C, reaction period of 120 min, ratio of methanol/oil at 10:1 mol mol -1 and amount of catalyst at 4 wt %. From this study, it was shown that montmorillonite KSF catalyst can be used as a solid catalyst for biodiesel production from palm oil.

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Transesterification of soybean oil over sulfonic acid functionalised polymeric membranes

Cited by 94 publications

References 18 publications

Potentiality of Biodiesel Production From Non-Edible Oil: Bangladesh Perspective

Potentiality of Biodiesel Production From Non-Edible Oil: Bangladesh Perspective

Catalisadores heterogêneos para a produção de monoésteres graxos (biodiesel)

Feasibility of Palm Oil as the Feedstock for Biodiesel Production via Heterogeneous Transesterification

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