Transcriptomic variation in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis pathway genes in soybean (<i>Glycine</i> spp.)

Ha, Jung Min; Kim, Myoyeon; Kim, Moon Young; Lee, Taeyoung; Yoon, Min Young; Lee, Jayern; Lee, Yeong-Ho; Kang, Young‐Gyu; Park, Jun Seong; Lee, John Hwan

doi:10.1002/jsfa.8698

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Brown soybeans have only PAs, but no anthocyanins [ 38 , 75 , 83 , 84 ]. IT109098—a G. max genotype with a brown seed coat—has been reported to have PA levels as high as those of G. soja [ 18 ]. It has been reported that the differences in the expression levels of genes encoding delphinidin 3- O -glucoside 2″- O -glucosyltransferases and ANR result in variations in the levels of anthocyanin and PA between the three genotypes with different seed coat colors: cultivated soybean (yellow), landrace (brown), and wild soybean (black).…”

Section: Biosynthetic Pathways Of Pas and Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barks of common cinnamons are abundant with PAs, used as a fold medicine or supplement [ 17 ]. In soybeans, a cultivar containing high PA levels has been used as an ingredient for cosmetic products [ 18 ]. In grapes, because PAs are intensively accumulated in their seeds, seed oil products have been used as supplements for health promotion [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because of their beneficial properties, the accumulation of PAs has become a target of breeding and genetic engineering in a few model species; yet, the key genes involved in the pathway remain unclear in most cash crops [ 18 ]. In this study, species-specific biosynthetic pathways of PAs are reported based on metabolic intermediates, and orthologous genes of the key enzymes involved in each pathway are identified in 10 major cash crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biosynthetic Pathway of Proanthocyanidins in Major Cash Crops

Lim

2021

Plants

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Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are a group of oligomers or polymers composed of monomeric flavanols. They offer many benefits for human fitness, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. To date, three types of PA have been observed in nature: procyanidins, propelargonidins, and prodelphinidins. These are synthesized as some of the end-products of the flavonoid pathway by different consecutive enzymatic activities, from the same precursor—naringenin. Although the general biosynthetic pathways of PAs have been reported in a few model plant species, little is known about the species-specific pathways in major crops containing different types of PA. In the present study, we identified the species-specific pathways in 10 major crops, based on the presence/absence of flavanol-based intermediates in the metabolic pathway, and found 202 orthologous genes in the reference genomic database of each species, which may encode for key enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of PAs. Parallel enzymatic reactions in the pathway are responsible for the ratio between PAs and anthocyanins, as well as among the three types of PAs. Our study suggests a promising strategy for molecular breeding, to regulate the content of PAs and anthocyanins and improve the nutritional quality of food sources globally.

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Section: Biosynthetic Pathways Of Pas and Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biosynthetic Pathway of Proanthocyanidins in Major Cash Crops

Lim

2021

Plants

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“…Studies have shown that anthocyanidins are either immediately modified by glycosylation to give anthocyanins by anthocyanidin 3‐o‐glycosyltransferases or are reduced to generate flavan‐3‐ols (such as epicatechin) by ANR for PA biosynthesis (Kovinich, Saleem, Arnason, & Miki, 2012; Li et al., 2016). Inverse relationships between the expression of ANR and anthocyanidin 3‐o‐glycosyltransferase in soybean has also been proposed to switch anthocyanidins into either PA or anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways (Ha et al., 2018). Mattivi, Vrhovsek, Masuero, and Trainotti (2008) also reported a decreasing trend in PA levels in the skin of Nebboilo and Barbera seeds during ripening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal shading regulates anthocyanin, proanthocyanidin, and sucrose accumulation in black soybean seeds

Dennis

Xiao

et al. 2020

Agronomy Journal

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The accumulation of soybean seed constituents such as anthocyanin, proanthocyanidin (PA), and sucrose is affected by various environmental stresses. Considerable information is available on the effects of different environmental stresses; however, the effect of shade at various development stages on the accumulation of the various seed constituents remains elusive. We investigated the effect of shade application on anthocyanin, PA, and sucrose contents at different seed development stages of two black soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] varieties. This study comprised two separate trials: maize-soybean relay intercropping (IC) and soybean monoculture. The shade treatments in the soybean monoculture trial comprised shade applications at whole growth stage, at vegetative stage (SV), and at reproductive stage (SR) and a no-shade control. Anthocyanin, PA, and sucrose contents were analyzed from seeds obtained at development stages of full-size seed (R6), physiological maturity (R7), full maturity, 95% mature pods on the plant (R8), and natural air dry (AD). Genotype, shade, and planting season and their interactions had a strong influence on anthocyanin, PA, and sucrose accumulation in soybean seeds at the different seed development stages.Among all the shade treatments, relay IC recorded the highest anthocyanin contents in 2017 (1.88 mg g −1 ) and 2018 (1.76 mg g −1 ) in AD seeds. In addition, the application of shade increased PA, and maximum PA (27.14 mg g −1 ) was obtained in the SV treatment at R6 stage. The overall best sucrose contents (6.14 mg g −1 in 2017 and 7.04 mg g −1 in 2018) were obtained in soybean seeds harvested at R8 under SV treatment.Abbreviations: AD, air dry; ANR, anthocyanidin reductase; CK, control; IC, intercropping; PA, proanthocyanidin; SR, shade at reproductive stage; SV, shade at vegetative stage; SW, shade at whole stage.

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“…Apart from saponins, other compounds such as soy isoflavones, polyphenols, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids have also been analyzed in large-scale wild soybean collections in Korea as well as in wild soybeans from other natural habitats. These studies identified unique germplasm accessions with higher amounts of these beneficial/desirable secondary metabolites that will be an important resource for future breeding (Ha et al 2018;Nawaz et al 2018;Tsukamoto et al 2018). In additional to beneficial metabolites, trace harmful metabolites such as raffinose are also found in soybean.…”

Section: Progress On Soybean Molecular Breeding In the Republic Of Koreamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of genomic research on soybean improvement in East Asia

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2019

Theor Appl Genet

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It has been commonly accepted that soybean domestication originated in East Asia. Although East Asia has the historical merit in soybean production, the USA has become the top soybean producer in the world since 1950s. Following that, Brazil and Argentina have been the major soybean producers since 1970s and 1990s, respectively. China has once been the exporter of soybean to Japan before 1990s, yet she became a net soybean importer as Japan and the Republic of Korea do. Furthermore, the soybean yield per unit area in East Asia has stagnated during the past decade. To improve soybean production and enhance food security in these East Asian countries, much investment has been made, especially in the breeding of better performing soybean germplasms. As a result, China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea have become three important centers for soybean genomic research. With new technologies, the rate and precision of the identification of important genomic loci associated with desired traits from germplasm collections or mutants have increased significantly. Genome editing on soybean is also becoming more established. The year 2019 marked a new era for crop genome editing in the commercialization of the first genome-edited plant product, which is a high-oleic-acid soybean oil. In this review, we have summarized the latest developments in soybean breeding technologies and the remarkable progress in soybean breeding-related research in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. Communicated by Rajeev K. Varshney.

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Transcriptomic variation in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis pathway genes in soybean (Glycine spp.)

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Biosynthetic Pathway of Proanthocyanidins in Major Cash Crops

Biosynthetic Pathway of Proanthocyanidins in Major Cash Crops

Spatiotemporal shading regulates anthocyanin, proanthocyanidin, and sucrose accumulation in black soybean seeds

Impacts of genomic research on soybean improvement in East Asia

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