Transcriptional differences between smokers and non-smokers and variance by obesity as a risk factor for human sensitivity to environmental exposures

Nikodémová, Mária; Yee, Jeremiah S; Carney, Patrick R.; Bradfield, Christopher A.; Malecki, Kristen

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.016

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Inhibition of DNA repair enzymes provoked by the oxidative stress has been reported [ 56 , 57 ]. In obese alter expression of genes related to response to stress and toxic agents were also recognized [ 58 ].…”

Section: Obesity and Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, DNA Damage, and Development of Obesity-Related Diseases

Włodarczyk

2019

IJMS

169

116

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Obesity has been recognized to increase the risk of such diseases as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. It indicates that obesity can impact genome stability. Oxidative stress and inflammation, commonly occurring in obesity, can induce DNA damage and inhibit DNA repair mechanisms. Accumulation of DNA damage can lead to an enhanced mutation rate and can alter gene expression resulting in disturbances in cell metabolism. Obesity-associated DNA damage can promote cancer growth by favoring cancer cell proliferation and migration, and resistance to apoptosis. Estimation of the DNA damage and/or disturbances in DNA repair could be potentially useful in the risk assessment and prevention of obesity-associated metabolic disorders as well as cancers. DNA damage in people with obesity appears to be reversible and both weight loss and improvement of dietary habits and diet composition can affect genome stability.

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Section: Obesity and Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, DNA Damage, and Development of Obesity-Related Diseases

Włodarczyk

2019

IJMS

169

116

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“… 27 At the same time, obesity may modify smoking behavior, gene expression, and the toxic effects of tobacco. 28 29 Several biological mechanisms may explain the interaction between smoking and abdominal adiposity, such as the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the action on regulation of the sex hormones and the ability to increase insulin resistance. 26 In this study, BMI status was not used as a control variable, and there some body of evidence that the association patterns of regular smoking with central obesity is dependent on BMI adjustment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and correlates of overweight and abdominal adiposity amongst adults residing in Madeira Autonomous Region: a cross-sectional, population-based study

Costa¹,

Henriques

Gouveia³

2020

Porto Biomedical Journal

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Background: Data on nutritional status and its risk factors amongst the adult population of the Madeira Autonomous Region (RAM) is scarce. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of, and risk factors associated with overweight and abdominal adiposity, assessed through measuring body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) indexes. Methods: Cross-sectional study using a representative sample of 911 subjects (18–64 years) from the RAM Dietary Habits of Adult Population Study. Logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between body mass index, WC, and WHtR indexes, with sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Results: The prevalence of overweight amongst adults was 60.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 56.8–63.2]. The prevalence of abdominal adiposity, assessed by WC and WHtR indexes, was 62.6% (95% CI: 59.4–65.7) and 71.9% (95% CI: 69.0–74.8), respectively. In adjusted models, age and self-reported chronic diseases were associated with both overweight and abdominal adiposity. Women were less likely to be overweight [odds ratio (OR) = 0.7 (95% CI: 0.5–0.9); P = .012] but more likely to have increased WC [OR = 2.9 (95% CI: 2.1–4.0); P < .001], compared to men. Being married was positively associated to being overweight [OR = 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1–2.1); P = .013] and increased WC [OR = 1.8 (95% CI: 1.3–2.6); P < .001], but not with WHtR index. Education level was only associated with WHtR index. Inverse associations were found for each abdominal obesity indicators and smoking status. Conclusions: Overweight and abdominal adiposity should be considered 2 major public health problems, amongst adult population of the RAM. Older less educated adults, with smoking habits may be considered a target group for health promotion interventions.

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“…For each of these sources, statistical significance as defined within the publication or resource was used for inclusion in this analysis. We used differential gene expression analysis (DExpr analysis) from studies of cigarette smoking(13, 17, 18) and alcohol consumption(15). For genes, locus boundaries were defined by the start of the first exon and the end of the final exon, regardless of transcript, extended by 500kb.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics insights into the biological mechanisms underlying gene-by-lifestyle interactions with smoking and alcohol consumption detected by genome-wide trans-ancestry meta-analysis

Majarian

Bentley

Laville

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Gene-lifestyle interaction analyses have identified genetic variants whose effect on cardiovascular risk-raising traits is modified by alcohol consumption and smoking behavior. The biological mechanisms of these interactions remain largely unknown, but may involve epigenetic modification linked to perturbation of gene expression. Diverse, individual-level datasets including genotypes, methylation and gene expression conditional on lifestyle factors, are ideally suited to study this hypothesis, yet are often unavailable for large numbers of individuals. Summary-level data, such as effect sizes of genetic variants on a phenotype, present an opportunity for multi-omic study of the biological mechanisms underlying gene-lifestyle interactions. We propose a method that unifies disparate, publicly available summary datasets to build mechanistic hypotheses in models of smoking behavior and alcohol consumption with blood lipid levels and blood pressure measures. Of 897 observed genetic interactions, discovered through genome-wide analysis in diverse multi-ethnic cohorts, 48 were identified with lifestyle-related differentially methylated sites within close proximity and linked to target genes. Smoking behavior and blood lipids account for 37 and 28 of these signals respectively. Five genes also showed differential expression conditional on lifestyle factors within these loci with mechanisms supported in the literature. Our analysis demonstrates the utility of summary data in characterizing observed gene-lifestyle interactions and prioritizes genetic loci for experimental follow up related to blood lipids, blood pressure, and cigarette smoking. We show concordance between multiple trait- or exposure-related associations from diverse assays, driving hypothesis generation for better understanding gene-lifestyle interactions.

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Transcriptional differences between smokers and non-smokers and variance by obesity as a risk factor for human sensitivity to environmental exposures

Cited by 9 publications

References 89 publications

Obesity, DNA Damage, and Development of Obesity-Related Diseases

Obesity, DNA Damage, and Development of Obesity-Related Diseases

Prevalence and correlates of overweight and abdominal adiposity amongst adults residing in Madeira Autonomous Region: a cross-sectional, population-based study

Multi-omics insights into the biological mechanisms underlying gene-by-lifestyle interactions with smoking and alcohol consumption detected by genome-wide trans-ancestry meta-analysis

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