Transcranial Electrical Stimulation: Methodology and Applications

Angelakis, Efthymios; Liouta, Evangelia

doi:10.1080/10874208.2011.623092

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…We followed a standard procedure for the placement of the electrode over the left DLPFC and the application of current (duration, density, electrode size; Angelakis & Liouta, 2011;Nitsche et al, 2008). We chose the placement of the reference electrode, such as to rule out the potential confound that effects could be due to opposite polarity stimulation under the reference electrode.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causal underpinnings of working memory and Stroop interference control: Testing the effects of anodal and cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC

Baumert

Buchholz

Zinkernagel

et al. 2019

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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By means of transcranial direct current stimulation applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, we investigated the causal role of increased or decreased excitability of this brain region for two facets of executive functions: working memory and Stroop interference control. We tested 1) whether anodal tDCS of the left DLPFC enhances working memory 15 minutes after termination of stimulation and in the absence of direct task practice under stimulation; 2) whether anodal tDCS of the left DLPFC enhances interference control, as evidenced by Stroop performance and Stroop sequence effects; and 3) whether cathodal tDCS leads to compromised executive functioning compared to anodal stimulation. In a between-subject design with 88 healthy psychology students, we compared the impact of anodal and cathodal stimulation against a sham condition, on performance on a Stroop task (during active stimulation) and on an n-back task (completed 15 minutes after active stimulation ended). We found significantly enhanced accuracy in the n-back task after anodal stimulation compared with sham, as well as speeded reactions in the Stroop tasks independent of trial type. By contrast, we found no modulation of Stroop interference effects or Stroop sequence effects. No inhibitory effects of cathodal stimulation were observed. These results support the causal role of the left DLPFC in working memory but lend no support to its involvement in Stroop interference control.

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Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, Hoy et al (2013) reported larger effects of anodal stimulation of the left DLPFC on working memory performance for 1 mA than for 2 mA, indicating a potential curvilinear effect of stimulation dose. Moreover, ethical considerations caution against higher densities, because they could be painful (Angelakis & Liouta, 2011).…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal underpinnings of working memory and Stroop interference control: Testing the effects of anodal and cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC

Baumert

Buchholz

Zinkernagel

et al. 2019

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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“…Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is becoming widely used as a technique for non-invasively manipulating excitability in the human cortex [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] . During tDCS, a weak direct current is delivered to a specific cortical region using two electrodes placed on the scalp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Reduces Psychophysically Measured Surround Suppression in the Human Visual Cortex

et al. 2012

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe, non-invasive technique for transiently modulating the balance of excitation and inhibition within the human brain. It has been reported that anodal tDCS can reduce both GABA mediated inhibition and GABA concentration within the human motor cortex. As GABA mediated inhibition is thought to be a key modulator of plasticity within the adult brain, these findings have broad implications for the future use of tDCS. It is important, therefore, to establish whether tDCS can exert similar effects within non-motor brain areas. The aim of this study was to assess whether anodal tDCS could reduce inhibitory interactions within the human visual cortex. Psychophysical measures of surround suppression were used as an index of inhibition within V1. Overlay suppression, which is thought to originate within the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), was also measured as a control. Anodal stimulation of the occipital poles significantly reduced psychophysical surround suppression, but had no effect on overlay suppression. This effect was specific to anodal stimulation as cathodal stimulation had no effect on either measure. These psychophysical results provide the first evidence for tDCS-induced reductions of intracortical inhibition within the human visual cortex.

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“…Studies have shown that tES could effectively regulate brain activities in working memory (Talsma et al, 2017 ), perception, motor learning, motor control, and other cognitive functions (Nitsche and Paulus, 2000 ; Angelakis and Liouta, 2011 ). Therefore, researchers proposed using tES in the BCI system to enhance the excitability of the cerebral cortex and improve the performance of the BCI system (Thomas and Roi, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Event-Related Desynchronization in Motor Imagery Based on Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

Xie

Peng

et al. 2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Due to the individual differences controlling brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), the applicability and accuracy of BCIs based on motor imagery (MI-BCIs) are limited. To improve the performance of BCIs, this article examined the effect of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) on brain activity during MI. This article designed an experimental paradigm that combines tES and MI and examined the effects of tES based on the measurements of electroencephalogram (EEG) features in MI processing, including the power spectral density (PSD) and dynamic event-related desynchronization (ERD). Finally, we investigated the effect of tES on the accuracy of MI classification using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The results showed that the ERD of the μ and β rhythms in the left-hand MI task was enhanced after electrical stimulation with a significant effect in the tDCS group. The average classification accuracy of the transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) group and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) group (88.19% and 89.93% respectively) were improved significantly compared to the pre-and pseudo stimulation groups. These findings indicated that tES can improve the performance and applicability of BCI and that tDCS was a potential approach in regulating brain activity and enhancing valid features during noninvasive MI-BCI processing.

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Transcranial Electrical Stimulation: Methodology and Applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 128 publications

Causal underpinnings of working memory and Stroop interference control: Testing the effects of anodal and cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC

Causal underpinnings of working memory and Stroop interference control: Testing the effects of anodal and cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC

Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Reduces Psychophysically Measured Surround Suppression in the Human Visual Cortex

Enhancement of Event-Related Desynchronization in Motor Imagery Based on Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

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