Trajectories of Mini-Mental State Examination Scores over the Lifespan in General Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis

Nagaratnam, Julius M; Sharmin, Sifat; Diker, Aaron; Lim, Wen Kwang; Maier, Andrea B.

doi:10.1080/07317115.2020.1756021

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In this last respect, it should be however noted that a recent meta-analysis by Nagaratnam et al [ 16 ] suggests that the MMSE shows its highest capability in detecting cognitive decline among healthy individuals aged ≥ 84 years; however, this hypothesis cannot be confuted based on the present work since it includes a relatively small number of individuals falling under such an age range. Notably, Nagaratnam et al’s [ 16 ] study also addressed ultra-centenary individuals, which were not represented in the present sample, despite their increase in number in the general population due to the overall higher life expectancy in Western countries. Future investigations should therefore focus MMSE performances in individuals in the eighth, ninth and tenth age decade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Trajectories of MMSE and MoCA scores across the healthy adult lifespan in the Italian population

et al. 2022

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Background This study compares the performance at the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) across the healthy adult lifespan in an Italian population sample. Methods The MMSE and MoCA were administered to 407 Italian healthy native-speakers (165 males; age range 20–93 years; education range 4–25 years). A generalized Negative Binomial mixed model was run to profile MMSE and MoCA scores across 8 different age classes (≤ 30; 31–40; 41–50; 51–60; 61–70; 71–80; 81–85; ≥ 86) net of education and sex. Results MMSE and MoCA total scores declined with age (p < 0.001), with the MoCA proving to be “more difficult” than the MMSE (p < 0.001). The Age*Test interaction (p < 0.001) indicates that the MoCA proved to profile a sufficiently linear involutional trend in cognition with advancing age and to be able to detect poorer cognitive performances in individuals aged ≥ 71 years. By contrast, MMSE scores failed in capturing the expected age-related trajectory, reaching a plateau in the aforementioned age classes. Discussion The MoCA seems to be more sensitive than the MMSE in detecting age-related physiological decline of cognitive functioning across the healthy adult lifespan. The MoCA might be therefore more useful than the MMSE as a test for general cognitive screening aims.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Trajectories of MMSE and MoCA scores across the healthy adult lifespan in the Italian population

et al. 2022

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“…However, the observational nature of the cross-sectional design does not allow causal associations to be drawn, but it allows for associations to be seen between the examined variables and participants. Moreover, although the MMSE score is widely used to test cognitive function among the elderly, in this work, the MMSE was also used for persons under 65 years of age; however, it has been shown that MMSE can also evaluate cognitive function among younger ages [39]. Finally, the data used in the present work were from 2009 and since then Greek population has suffered several economic crises that could alter several emotional, cognitive, or clinical aspects.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Association of Healthy Aging with Multimorbidity: IKARIA Study

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to evaluate several sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics of the IKARIA study participants and to find healthy aging trajectories of multimorbidity of Ikarian islanders. During 2009, 1410 people (aged 30+) from Ikaria Island, Greece, were voluntarily enrolled in the IKARIA study. Multimorbidity was defined as the combination of at least two of the following chronic diseases: hypertension; hypercholesterolemia; diabetes; obesity; cancer; CVD; osteoporosis; thyroid, renal, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A healthy aging index (HAI) ranging from 0 to 100 was constructed using 4 attributes, i.e., depression symptomatology, cognitive function, mobility, and socializing. The prevalence of multimorbidity was 51% among men and 65.5% among women, while the average number of comorbidities was 1.7 ± 1.4 for men and 2.2 ± 1.4 for women. The most prevalent chronic diseases among men with multimorbidity were hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity while among women they were hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and thyroid disease. Multimorbidity was correlated with HAI (Spearman’s rho = −0.127, p < 0.001) and for every 10-unit increase in HAI, participants had 20% lower odds of being multimorbid. Multimorbidity in relation to HAI revealed a different trend across aging among men and women, coinciding only in the seventh decade of life. Aging is usually accompanied by chronic diseases, but multimorbidity seems to also be common among younger adults. However, healthy aging is a lifelong process that may lead to limited co-morbidities across the lifespan.

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“…One of the studies included patients with major comorbidities such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension, while all other studies excluded patients that had any comorbidity or smoked. In addition, variation in MMSE scores of patients could be another potential factor as each study used a different range or threshold to include patients in the trial leading to diversity in the level of cognitive impairment ( Mitchell, 2009 ; Nagaratnam et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative meta-analysis of vitamin C in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease

Hamid

Mansoor

Amber

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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PurposeAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder with many complex pathways feeding into its pathogenesis and progression. Vitamin C, an essential dietary antioxidant, is vital for proper neurological development and maintenance. This meta-analysis and systematic review attempted to define the relationship between vitamin C plasma levels and AD while highlighting the importance and involvement of vitamin C in the pathogenesis of AD.Materials and methodsPRISMA guidelines were used to obtain studies quantifying the plasma levels of vitamin C in AD and control subjects. The literature was searched in the online databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. A total of 12 studies were included (n = 1,100) and analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0.ResultsThe results show that there is a significant decrease in the plasma vitamin C levels of AD patients as compared to healthy controls (pooled SMD with random-effect model: −1.164, with 95%CI: −1.720 to −0.608, Z = −4.102, p = 0.00) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 93.218). The sensitivity analysis showed directionally similar results. Egger’s regression test (p = 0.11) and visual inspection of the funnel plot showed no publication bias.ConclusionBased on these studies, it can be deduced that the deficiency of vitamin C is involved in disease progression and supplementation is a plausible preventive and treatment strategy. However, clinical studies are warranted to elucidate its exact mechanistic role in AD pathophysiology and prevention.

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Trajectories of Mini-Mental State Examination Scores over the Lifespan in General Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

Trajectories of MMSE and MoCA scores across the healthy adult lifespan in the Italian population

Trajectories of MMSE and MoCA scores across the healthy adult lifespan in the Italian population

The Association of Healthy Aging with Multimorbidity: IKARIA Study

A quantitative meta-analysis of vitamin C in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease

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