Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Social Relations

Béland, François; Zunzunégui, Maria-Victoria; Alvarado, Beatriz; Otero, Ángel; Ser, Teodoro del

doi:10.1093/geronb/60.6.p320

Cited by 201 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…19 A repeated-measures prospective longitudinal study of 964 community-dwelling adults aged over 65 years in Spain over 7 years found that the probability of cognitive decline was lower for older adults with a high frequency of visual contact with relatives, whereas contact with friends was protective against cognitive decline in women only. 17,38 An Australian study investigating the effect of social connections on memory scores up to 15 years later in 706 participants aged 65 years and over found that the rate of decline in the ability to recall personal life experiences was steeper for those with the smallest friend networks. 39 In other words, older adults in that study with the smallest number of social connections experienced the steepest decline in memory for life events with every passing year.…”

Section: Social Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social participation as an indicator of successful aging: an overview of concepts and their associations with health

Douglas¹,

Georgiou

Westbrook

2017

Aust. Health Review

261

219

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Objectives. Social participation has generated a wealth of research in gerontology, but the concept suffers from a lack of conceptual clarity that renders it difficult to define and measure. This means that research on social participation is difficult to compare directly. The aim of the present study was to draw the literature on social participation in older adults together to inform health services researchers seeking to investigate social participation as an indicator of successful aging.Methods. A narrative review of studies investigating the association between social participation and health in adults aged 65 years and older was conducted.Results. Three concepts of social participation (i.e. social connections, informal social participation and volunteering) were defined, their measurement instruments described and evidence of their associations with health explored. All three concepts have demonstrated associations with an array of health indicators. Prospective studies reveal that social participation at baseline is positively associated with mental and physical health. Conclusion.A model of social participation on health is presented, showing the evidence that all three concepts contribute to the association between social participation and health through their shared mechanisms of social support and social cohesion with the wider community. Using an instrument that can be separated into these three distinct concepts will assist health services researchers to determine the relative effect of each form of participation on the health of older adults.What is known about the topic? Social participation has generated a wealth of research in gerontology. The scope of the literature on social participation is broad and the concepts diverse. For this reason, most previous systematic reviews have been unable to comprehensively assess the effect of all concepts of social participation on health. This means the research on social participation is difficult to compare directly, and indicators of social participation in older adults are difficult for policy makers to select. What does this paper add? This paper overviews the three concepts of social participation, their methods of measurement and their associations with health in older adults. We present a model of social participation that incorporates all three concepts of social participation and their effects on health. We argue that the use of a measure that can be segmented into each of the three forms of social participation will predict more of the variance in health outcomes than any measure on its own. What are the implications for practitioners? Enhancing the social participation of older adults is a key factor in successful aging that many older adults value. However, many service provision organisations tend to focus on meeting the specific physical needs of clients, rather than targeting services that connect older adults with their community. Targeting social participation may present one of the greatest opportunities to improve older adults'...

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Section: Social Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social participation as an indicator of successful aging: an overview of concepts and their associations with health

Douglas¹,

Georgiou

Westbrook

2017

Aust. Health Review

261

219

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6 Longitudinal studies show that larger social networks, 7,8 access to social resources, 9,10 and community engagement reduce dementia diagnoses. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Hypotheses on mechanisms by which social relationships can reduce cognitive decline include: delay of cognitive atrophy (Buse it or lose it^), 18 higher cognitive reserve, 19 and preventing stress-related cognitive declines. 6 This is likely a bidirectional relationship, where cognitive decline can lead to altered social relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inability to utilize social resources may indicate a barrier to independent living. For social engagement, one might expect decreased community involvement at lower cognitive status, 10,12,13 but less is known regarding social isolation at home. Less interaction with friends, family and the community is often the most noticeable social sign of cognitive impairment, and a better characterization of such differences could provide clues on when to screen for cognitive loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies have examined this; stronger associations between cognition and social engagement exist for women, 12,13,21,34 but nothing is known regarding other social domains. Knowing about gender differences linking cognitive function and other domains of social relationships could help clinicians better manage older patients with early cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Function and Cognitive Status: Results from a US Nationally Representative Survey of Older Adults

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUND: An early sign of cognitive decline in older adults is often a disruption in social function, but our understanding of this association is limited. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether those screening positive for early stages of cognitive impairment have differences across multiple dimensions of social function and whether associations differ by gender. DESIGN: United States nationally representative cohort (2010), the National Social life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults aged 62-90 years (N = 3,310) with a response rate of 76.9 %. MAIN MEASURES: Cognition was measured using a survey adaptation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment categorized into three groups: normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. We measured three domains of social relationships, each comprised of two scales: network structure (size and density), social resources (social support and social strain), and social engagement (community involvement and socializing). We used multiple linear regression to characterize the relationship of each social relationship measure to cognition. KEY RESULTS: Individuals screened as at risk for MCI and early dementia had smaller network sizes by 0.3 and 0.6 individuals (p < 0.001), and a 10 % and 25 % increase in network density (p < 0.001), respectively. For social resources, individuals at risk for MCI and dementia had 4 % and 14 % less social strain (p = 0.01), but only women had 3 % and 6 % less perceived social support (p = 0.013), respectively. For social engagement, individuals screened positive for MCI and dementia had 8 % and 19 % less community involvement (p = 0.01), but only men had 8 % and 13 % increased social involvement with neighbors and family members (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Changes in social functioning provide an early indication to screen for cognitive loss. Recognition that early cognitive loss is associated with differences in social function can guide counseling efforts and help identify social vulnerabilities to ease the transition to overt dementia for both patients and caregivers.

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“…Além disso, contribuiria com a melhora das relações com os cuidadores, por meio da realização conjunta de atividades significativas que promovessem a busca e a preservação do senso de identidade. Não há consenso sobre quais atividades seriam, isoladamente, favorecedoras de estimulação cognitiva, devido à influência de alta subjetividade, variabilidade cultural e por serem gênero-específicas (Reuben et al, 1990 Apesar das diferentes classificações encontradas na literatura, a somatória do número de atividades complexas realizadas mostrou-se associada aos melhores níveis de função cognitiva e diminuição do risco de declínio cognitivo (Aartsen et al, 2002;Bassuk et al, 1999;Di Rienzo, 2009;Foubert-Samier et al, 2012;Gallucci et al, 2009;Glei et al, 2005;Iwasa et al, 2012;Li et al, 2013;Scarmeas et al, 2001;Sobral & Paúl, 2013;Zunzunegui et al, 2005). Os resultados desse estudo corroboram com os anteriores, onde a realização de um maior número de atividades diminuiu a incidência de declínio cognitivo, mesmo após ajuste pelas demais covariáveis e, principalmente, pela escolaridade.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Associação entre o desempenho de Atividades Avançadas de Vida Diária e a incidência de declínio cognitivo: Estudo SABE

Dias¹

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É expressamente proibida a comercialização deste documento, tanto na sua forma impressa como eletrônica. Sua reprodução total ou parcial é permitida exclusivamente para fins acadêmicos e científicos, desde que na reprodução figure a identificação do autor, título, instituição e ano da tese/dissertação. Aos meus pais, Armando e Adair Conclusions:The performance of a larger number of AADL appeared as a protective factor to the incidence of cognitive impairment, regardless of sociodemographic conditions, general health status and functionality.

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Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Social Relations

Cited by 201 publications

References 40 publications

Social participation as an indicator of successful aging: an overview of concepts and their associations with health

Social participation as an indicator of successful aging: an overview of concepts and their associations with health

Social Function and Cognitive Status: Results from a US Nationally Representative Survey of Older Adults

Associação entre o desempenho de Atividades Avançadas de Vida Diária e a incidência de declínio cognitivo: Estudo SABE

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