Trait hostility and cortisol sensitivity following a stressor: The moderating role of stress-induced heart rate variability

Abstract

Hostility and adverse health outcomes are inconsistently associated in the literature. Self-regulation and cortisol secretion may play important roles in differentiating those hostile individuals who are at greater risk of negative health outcomes from those who are not. In the present study, we sought to examine if having high self-regulatory strength, as indexed by high stress-induced high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), buffered the effects of hostility on cortisol secretion. Participants (N = 213) completed a self-report measure of hostility and measurement of HF-HRV at rest and during a social stress task. Saliva samples were collected immediately before (one sample), and over a 50 minute period after (six samples), the stress task to evaluate cortisol secretion over time. Hostile individuals were less likely to demonstrate cortisol sensitivity (i.e., high change in cortisol over time) when they had high stress-induced HF-HRV. Such findings are important given that cortisol sensitivity increases risk of metabolic and inflammatory disorders via glucocorticoid resistance and inflammation. Therefore, interventions that increase stress-induced HF-HRV may reduce the impact of hostility on health outcomes.

Cortisol Levels and Autonomic Control of Heart Rate in Healthy Subjects

“…Cortisol is recognized as a "stress hormone" formed by the glucocorticoid that is released by the adrenal glands when the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis is activated by psychological stress (29). Cortisol is vital for establishing homeostasis after exposure to a stressor (29).…”

“…Cortisol is vital for establishing homeostasis after exposure to a stressor (29). According to Castro and Moreira (30), cortisol circulates in the bloodstream connected to the transporter proteins, transcortin, the corticoid transporter protein (CBG), and albumin.…”

Hostility, Anxiety and Vital Exhaustion in Myocardial Infarction Pathogenesis

“…По данным Murdock, et al (2017) враждебность связана с чувствительностью к кортизолу при стрессе. У 213 добровольцев они изучали изменения высоко-частотной вариабельности ритма сердца (ВЧ-ВРС) при индуцированном социальном стрессе и измеряли уровень кортизола в слюне.…”

“…При низкой ВЧ-ВРС на фоне стресса черта враждеб-ности была связана с более высокой чувствитель-ностью к кортизолу. Авторы заключают, что черта враждебности может иметь адаптивный характер, позволяя снизить негативное физиологическое влия-ние социального стресса [20]. Koenig, et al (2016) указывают на изменения вагусного компонента регу-ляции ВРС при пограничном расстройстве личности.…”

Detector De Stress Pessoal

“…Outro dispositivo é o Stress Thermometer -SC911® onde ele auxilia na medição do nível de estresse através da variação da temperatura da pele nas extremidades do corpo (na ponta dos dedos). Nos últimos anos tem-se utilizado de forma expressiva os parâmetros da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca para a identificação da presença do estresse [10]. O dispositivo emWave® analisa esses parâmetros, ele possui a tecnologia PPG (Photoplethysmography), método não invasivo que utiliza luz infra-vermelha (IR) para identificar mudanças no volume do sangue [11] .…”