Training Motor Skills of Children with Low Vision

Abstract

The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of a motor training program for visually impaired children. 40 children with low vision took part in the study. 20 children (10 boys, 10 girls), mean age 8:9 yr.:mo. (SD= 1:6), were in a Training group and 20 children (10 boys, 10 girls), mean age 8:10 yr.:mo. (SD= 1:65), were in a Home Training group. The Snellen Chart and Bruininks Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test were used for assessment. Training program included training balance, coordination, strength, visuomotor control, and finger dexterity. Significant differences were found on all skills after training in the Training group, but no significant differences were observed, other than visual motor control, in the Home Training group. Children with low vision have some useable vision and learning to use the available vision depends on proper rehabilitation.

Interventions to improve functioning, participation, and quality of life in children with visual impairment: a systematic review

“…The available fulltext articles were screened on inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed for eligibility. Together with articles identified through searches in reference lists of previously retrieved reviews and the gray literature, this resulted in 64 articles, describing 66 different studies (28 RCTs, 3,7,13,16,19,21,32, 33,39,47,50,54,56e58,61,62,66,69,72,78,83,85,93,98,111,121,124 18 non-RCTs, 1,2,6,11,15,20,27,35,44,51,55,65,74,75,82,89,96,104 and 20 before-after comparisons (BAs) 8 articles of McMahon and Kederis described 2 different studies. 57,58,70,71 The 66 included studies were published between 1964 and 2018, and 37 (56.1%) of them were published in the last decade (2008e2018) 1e3, 13,15,16,19e21,27,28, 30,32,33,35,39,40,43,46,51,54,62,65,69e71,73e75,78,82,83,85,89,91,96,98,104,110,111,124 ( Table 1).…”

“…57,58,70,71 The 66 included studies were published between 1964 and 2018, and 37 (56.1%) of them were published in the last decade (2008e2018) 1e3, 13,15,16,19e21,27,28, 30,32,33,35,39,40,43,46,51,54,62,65,69e71,73e75,78,82,83,85,89,91,96,98,104,110,111,124 ( Table 1). Most of the studies were conducted in the United States, 7,11,12,26,35,44,47,55e58,61,65,66,70e72,78,84,91,93,95,121 1 in Canada, 8 11 in Europe (i.e., United Kingdom, 50,108,119 Germany, 6 the Netherlands, 13,27,51,83,89 and Greece 69,82 ), 28 in Asian countries (i.e., Iran, 54 Turkey, 1,15,16,30,104,110,111,123,124 India, 20,21,28,39,40,43,46,62,74,75,90,96 Jordan, 2 Pakistan, 85 Japan, 97 Taiwan, 19 and Thailand 3,98 ), a...…”

“…1,11,13,21,27,28,30,35,47,51,54,75,78,89 Slightly more often, studies reported the degree of visual impairment (e.g., severe visual impairment, legal blindness) or fulfillment of certain criteria for low vision (e.g., the criteria for low vision of the WHO or the ICD criteria). 1,6,16,20,39,40,44,50,56,62,69,75,90,93,96,104,110,111,121 In some cases, authors quantified the number of participants with a certain degree of visual impairment, that is, how many participants had visual impairment and how many participants were blind. 32,39,74,85,90,97,108,123 Thirteen studies reported the number of participants that fell into a visual acuity range or reported the visual acuity of each individual participant, 7,8,12,13,15,…”

“…32,39,74,85,90,97,108,123 Thirteen studies reported the number of participants that fell into a visual acuity range or reported the visual acuity of each individual participant, 7,8,12,13,15,21,26,27,43,61,78,95,110 whereas 18 studies reported the diagnoses or cause of visual impairment of their participants. 1 studies, participants had visual impairment or blindness caused by various eye conditions. 1e3,6e8,11e13, 15,16,19e21,26e28, 30,32,33,35,39,40,43,44,46,47,50,54e58,61,62,65,66,69e72,74,75,78,82e85,89e91,93, 95,96,98,104,108,110,111,119,121,123,124 In 1 study, all participants had infantile nystagmus, 51 and in 1 study, they all had glaucoma.…”

“…The studies included in this review investigated a broad range of interventions (Table 1). For studies focusing on physical performance, interventions included (group-based) training programs, 1,12,16,19,54,69,74,75,82,97,104 provision of information, 56,91 sports camps, 11,71,84 and training in trail-following tasks. 89 For studies focusing on oral health, interventions included oral health education programs 3,20,28,39,96,123 and tooth brushing instructions.…”