Tradeoffs in bacteriophage life histories

Keen, Eric C

doi:10.4161/bact.28365

Cited by 60 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It was recently reported that a generalist EhV strain could outcompete a specialist 8 h post infection [92]. One explanation for this apparent difference in infective success between generalist and specialist viruses may thus be a trade-off where high host-range/replication rates are associated with hindered progeny (new virions) fitness [64,93,94,95,96]. An alternative possibility could be the presence of an “un-costly” strong adaptive potential to new hosts, as shown for the Tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) [97].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Interaction Patterns in the Emiliania huxleyi-EhV System

Ruiz

Oosterhof

Sandaa

et al. 2017

Viruses

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Viruses are thought to be fundamental in driving microbial diversity in the oceanic planktonic realm. That role and associated emerging infection patterns remain particularly elusive for eukaryotic phytoplankton and their viruses. Here we used a vast number of strains from the model system Emiliania huxleyi/Emiliania huxleyi Virus to quantify parameters such as growth rate (µ), resistance (R), and viral production (Vp) capacities. Algal and viral abundances were monitored by flow cytometry during 72-h incubation experiments. The results pointed out higher viral production capacity in generalist EhV strains, and the virus-host infection network showed a strong co-evolution pattern between E. huxleyi and EhV populations. The existence of a trade-off between resistance and growth capacities was not confirmed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Interaction Patterns in the Emiliania huxleyi-EhV System

Ruiz

Oosterhof

Sandaa

et al. 2017

Viruses

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“…As was the case for virus multiplication in susceptible hosts (25), the sense and magnitude of the pleiotropy depend on the specific mutations that determine resistance breaking and not on the pathotype. Hence, there is no trade-off in this system between increased host range (i.e., resistance breaking) and survival, as has been reported for bacteriophages (55,58). Also, the analysis of the within-host fitness of these coat protein mutants (Table 2) shows that fitness and particle stability rank differently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…This result is consistent with previous ones, as data on the within-host fitness of some of the CP mutants analyzed here, reported by MorenoPérez et al (25), showed no correlation with our present stability data in different susceptible hosts (not shown). To our knowledge, the relationship between survival and multiplication has not been studied for other plant viruses, but studies with bacterial or animal-infecting viruses have demonstrated that such a trade-off is not general across systems (55)(56)(57)(58)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72). Trade-offs between survival and reproduction, predicted by the life history theory, need not apply for viruses, because there is no obvious mechanistic reason to expect them due to the differences between the extracellular and intracellular environments where survival and reproduction, respectively, occur, as pointed out by Goldhill and Turner (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic Effects of Resistance-Breaking Mutations on Particle Stability Provide Insight into Life History Evolution of a Plant RNA Virus

Bera

Moreno‐Pérez

García-Figuera

et al. 2017

J Virol

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In gene-for-gene host-virus interactions, virus evolution to infect and multiply in previously resistant host genotypes, i.e., resistance breaking, is a case of host range expansion, which is predicted to be associated with fitness penalties. Negative effects of resistance-breaking mutations on within-host virus multiplication have been documented for several plant viruses. However, understanding virus evolution requires analyses of potential trade-offs between different fitness components. Here we analyzed whether coat protein (CP) mutations in Pepper mild mottle virus that break L-gene resistance in pepper affect particle stability and, thus, survival in the environment. For this purpose, CP mutations determining the overcoming of L 3 and L 4 resistance alleles were introduced in biologically active cDNA clones. The kinetics of the in vitro disassembly of parental and mutant particles were compared under different conditions. Resistance-breaking mutations variously affected particle stability. Structural analyses identified the number and type of axial and side interactions of adjacent CP subunits in virions, which explained differences in particle stability and contribute to understanding of tobamovirus disassembly. Resistance-breaking mutations also affected virus multiplication and virulence in the susceptible host, as well as infectivity. The sense and magnitude of the effects of resistance-breaking mutations on particle stability, multiplication, virulence, or infectivity depended on the specific mutation rather than on the ability to overcome the different resistance alleles, and effects on different traits were not correlated. Thus, the results do not provide evidence of links or trade-offs between particle stability, i.e., survival, and other components of virus fitness or virulence.IMPORTANCE The effect of survival on virus evolution remains underexplored, despite the fact that life history trade-offs may constrain virus evolution. We approached this topic by analyzing whether breaking of L-gene resistance in pepper by Pepper mild mottle virus, determined by coat protein (CP) mutations, is associated with reduced particle stability and survival. Resistance-breaking mutations affected particle stability by altering the interactions between CP subunits. However, the sense and magnitude of these effects were unrelated to the capacity to overcome different resistance alleles. Thus, resistance breaking was not traded with survival. Resistance-breaking mutations also affected virus fitness within the infected host, virulence, and infectivity in a mutation-specific manner. Comparison of the effects of CP mutations on these various traits indicates that there are neither trade-offs nor positive links between survival and other life history traits. These results demonstrate that trade-offs between life history traits may not be a general constraint in virus evolution.

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“…Some mutant phages increase their infectivity by improving their adsorption efficiency (18,(32)(33)(34). The adsorption efficiencies of the KPP22 mutant phages were compared with that of phage KPP22 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Short-Term Antagonistic Evolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain PAO1 and Phage KPP22 (Myoviridae Family, PB1-Like Virus Genus)

Uchiyama

Suzuki

Nishifuji

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes serious intractable infections in humans and animals. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has been applied to treat P. aeruginosa infections, and phages belonging to the PB1-like virus genus in the Myoviridae family have been used as therapeutic phages. To achieve safer and more effective phage therapy, the use of preadapted phages is proposed. To understand in detail such phage preadaptation, the short-term antagonistic evolution of bacteria and phages should be studied. In this study, the short-term antagonistic evolution of bacteria and PB1-like phage was examined by studying phage-resistant clones of P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 and mutant PB1-like phages that had recovered their infectivity. First, phage KPP22 was isolated and characterized; it was classified as belonging to the PB1-like virus genus in the Myoviridae family. Subsequently, three KPP22-resistant PAO1 clones and three KPP22 mutant phages capable of infecting these clones were isolated in three sets of in vitro experiments. It was shown that the bacterial resistance to phage KPP22 was caused by significant decreases in phage adsorption and that the improved infectivity of KPP22 mutant phages was caused by significant increases in phage adsorption. The KPP22-resistant PAO1 clones and the KPP22 mutant phages were then analyzed genetically. All three KPP22-resistant PAO1 clones, which were deficient for the O5 antigen, had a common nonsense mutation in the wzy gene. All the KPP22 mutant phage genomes showed the same four missense mutations in the open reading frames orf060, orf065, and orf086. The information obtained in this study should be useful for further development of safe and efficient phage therapy. IMPORTANCEPseudomonas aeruginosa causes serious intractable infections in humans and animals; bacteriophage (phage) therapy has been utilized to treat P. aeruginosa infections, and phages that belong to the PB1-like virus genus in the family Myoviridae have been used as therapeutic phages. The preadapted phage is trained in advance through the antagonistic evolution of bacteria and phage and is proposed to be used to achieve safer and more effective phage therapy. In this study, to understand the phage preadaptation, the in vitro short-term antagonistic evolution was studied using P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 and the newly isolated PB1-like phage KPP22. Phage KPP22 was characterized, and the molecular framework regarding the phage preadaptation of KPP22 was elucidated. The importance of study of antagonistic evolution of bacteria and phage in phage therapy is discussed.

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Tradeoffs in bacteriophage life histories

Cited by 60 publications

References 49 publications

Emerging Interaction Patterns in the Emiliania huxleyi-EhV System

Emerging Interaction Patterns in the Emiliania huxleyi-EhV System

Pleiotropic Effects of Resistance-Breaking Mutations on Particle Stability Provide Insight into Life History Evolution of a Plant RNA Virus

Analyses of Short-Term Antagonistic Evolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain PAO1 and Phage KPP22 (Myoviridae Family, PB1-Like Virus Genus)

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