Track Behavior in Curve Areas: Attempt at Typology

Spacek, Peter

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2005)131:9(669)

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Spacek [16], by observing vehicle moving trajectories, divided driver behavior on curves into six categories: ideal, normal, correcting, cutting, swing, and drifting. However, at present, the study on driver behavior on CVHCs mainly focuses on two-lane highways and rarely involves mountainous freeways with four lanes and above.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driver Behavior on Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Curves of Mountainous Freeways

Chen

Zhang

Lang

2014

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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The study of driver behavior is of great importance to the traffic safety of mountainous freeways. In order to study the characteristics of driver behavior on combination of vertical and horizontal curves (CVHCs) of mountainous freeways in free flow conditions, designated speed measurement tests of two typical segments of the upgrade direction of Xi’an-Hanzhong freeway were carried out. After data processing, vehicles in free flow were screened out and classified into two groups by K-means clustering method, and then the driver behavior with different lanes, different size vehicles, and different CVHCs was analyzed, respectively. Finally, a vehicle distribution prediction model and a speed prediction model were built which were applied to CVHCs, and a verification test was made to test the accuracy of the models. Research results show that the driver behavior is mainly different among vehicle size, longitudinal slopes, and horizontal curves, and the characteristics of speed control and lane distribution on CVHCs vary according to lanes and combination of road alignment. Also, the prediction results of the models are highly consistent with the measured test results.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driver Behavior on Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Curves of Mountainous Freeways

Chen

Zhang

Lang

2014

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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“…Steyer et al [8] reported that drivers do not strictly follow the centerline of lanes, and that the curve radius and deflection angle significantly affected the lateral deviation of the vehicle trajectory. Based on the measured lateral distance between the vehicle and the edge line of the highway, Spacek [9] divided the trajectory shape into six types, namely, ideal, normal, cutting, corrected, swaying, and drifting. Tsyganov et al [10], Sun and Das [11] showed that the edge line affected the trajectory on a narrow road and reduced the risk of accident at a curved section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle trajectory at curved sections of two-lane mountain roads: a field study under natural driving conditions

Jin¹,

Luo²,

Shao³

2018

Eur. Transp. Res. Rev.

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Purpose The trajectory of a vehicle is comprehensively affected by the interactions between the vehicle, the driving behavior, and the road environment. High-risk driving behaviors and accident-prone road sections can be identified based on the relationship between the trajectory and road geometry. Previous related studies mostly focused on the trajectory deviation at a few points on the road, which cannot capture the continuous variation of the trajectory in an entire curve, and seldom considered the trajectory characteristics along curves with large deflection angles. The aim of this study is to investigate the trajectories passenger cars take on two-lane mountain roads and thus to determine the track patterns and its relevant risks. Methods Field driving experiments were performed on four two-lane mountain highways, and vehicle trajectories under natural driving conditions were acquired. The continuous change in the lateral deviation rate of the trajectory was also determined by putting the measured trajectories into the coordinate frame together with the edge line of roadway. Further, the morphological features of the vehicle trajectory and how it is affected by the highway geometry were analyzed. Results and conclusions The following were observed: i) Typical track patterns were determined according to features of LDRT profiles, four patterns for left-hand bends and five patterns for right-hand bends, which can be used to identify crash prone position and reveal the mechanism of crash. ii) Inertia may cause the vehicle to move too close to the outer side of the curve after a cut, for which reason the driver has to correct the trajectory, although overcorrection may move the vehicle into the oncoming lane. iii) A higher speed at curve entry adopt by the driver could result in a larger encroachment into opposite lane or shoulder. iv) The smaller the radius of the horizontal curve, the more frequently the trajectory entered the oncoming lane. These findings could provide a better understanding of the track behavior of passenger cars, judge the safety implications of driver behavior, and thus identify crash prone positioning and the potential mechanisms of head-on crashes, run-off-road and guardrail collisions.

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“…3,4 Furthermore, all previous revisions of design specification have not reflected the important role of the drivers' direction control behavior (shown as the trajectory characteristic) although there is a close correlation between the trajectory and speed, which is manifested as different trajectory control habits inevitably corresponding to different speed selection behaviors. 5 On the other hand, the trajectory shape and topology can exert a direct control effect on both the horizontal alignment and cross-sectional design. 6 Because these factors are not considered, conflict between the highway design and driver behaviors will often appear, leading to frequent accidents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New design method for horizontal alignment of complex mountain highways based on “trajectory–speed” collaborative decision

Jin

Lin

Shao

2017

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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The safety evaluation of geometry features design based on actual driving behavior has always been a basic concept of highway design. However, current design methods, including both the design speed method and operating speed method, are still far away from real-world driving conditions. In this work, we propose a new alignment design method which can take into account typical handing patterns (driving styles) of human drivers and can pay special attention to dangerous driving behaviors. The core of the proposed method is forecasting the trajectories of typical direction control patterns within roadway width, which can be used by drivers. Then, forecast the driving speed of typical speed control patterns on the basis of the curvature of the preview trajectory just determined. Mathematical programming method was used in this study, whereby the objective functions and constraints were developed to model the typical driving patterns. This article provided five direction control patterns and four speed control patterns to designers so that they could select an appropriate pattern to predict the trajectory and speed for the designed road. Finally, the trajectory and speed are used to control the geometric features of the road. Geometric features can determine the driveway shape, such as curve radius, deflection angle, spiral length, tangent length, roadway/lane/shoulder width, and any or all of these can be adjusted by the designer. Meanwhile, as more than one driving pattern is optional and vehicle performance, driving stability, and ride comfort restrictions are introduced to trajectory/speed decision-making, the new method more closely approximates to real-world driving than conventional methods. The application example shows that the proposed method is especially suitable for the horizontal alignment design of low/medium design speed highways that traverse rugged terrain.

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Track Behavior in Curve Areas: Attempt at Typology

Cited by 56 publications

References 1 publication

Driver Behavior on Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Curves of Mountainous Freeways

Driver Behavior on Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Curves of Mountainous Freeways

Vehicle trajectory at curved sections of two-lane mountain roads: a field study under natural driving conditions

New design method for horizontal alignment of complex mountain highways based on “trajectory–speed” collaborative decision

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