Toxin from
            <i>Fusarium moniliforme</i>
            : Effects on Plants and Animals

Cole, Richard; Kirksey, Jerry W.; Cutler, Horace G.; Doupnik, Ben; Peckham, John

doi:10.1126/science.179.4080.1324

Cited by 213 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Results of this study are consistent with previous reports (Cole et al, 1973;Engelhardt et al, 1989;Ledoux et al, 1995;Nagaraj et al, 1994) indicating that M is cardiotoxic to poultry. The mechanism by which M causes cardiotoxicity has been investigated.…”

Section: Figure 2 Electron Micrographs Of Control Myocardium (A) Andsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Effects of feedingFusarium fujikuroiculture material containing known levels of moniliformin in turkey poults

et al. 1997

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Poults fed 100 mg M/kg or greater had lower (P<0.05) feed intakes than controls. Decreased body weight gains were observed in poults fed diets containing 100 mg M/kg or higher. In contrast, feed conversion was only affected (P< 0.05) at dietary levels of 200 mg M/kg feed or higher. Increased heart weights (P< 0.05) were observed in poults fed greater than or equal to 50 mg M/kg. Gross lesions of M toxicity were a generalized cardiomegaly. Histopathology revealed focally extensive to generalized loss of cardiomyocyte cross striations (granular change) and numerous large cardiomyocyte nuclei in poults fed greater than or equal to 50 and 100 mg M/kg, respectively. Results indicated that Fusarium fujikuroi culture material containing moniliformin at greater than or equal to 50 mg M/kg is toxic to turkey poults.

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Section: Figure 2 Electron Micrographs Of Control Myocardium (A) Andsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Fusarium moniliforme, a common contaminant of corn and other commodities, has been linked to a number of disease syndromes in poultry (Cole et al, 1973;Sharby et al, 1972;Marijanovic et al, 1991). Moniliformin (M) and fumonisin Bi (FBi) are two mycotoxins that are known to be produced by F. moniliforme (Nelson, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feedingFusarium fujikuroiculture material containing known levels of moniliformin in turkey poults

et al. 1997

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“…MON (1-hydroxycyclobut-l-en-3,4-dione) ( Figure 11) was discovered by Cole et al [256] while screening for toxic products of a North American isolate of F. moniliforme Sheldon (F. verticillioides [Sacc.] Nirenberg) cultured on corn.…”

Section: Historical Perspective and Producing Fungal Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins: Producing Fungi and Mechanisms of Phytotoxicity

2015

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Abstract:Mycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites, toxic to humans, animals and plants. Among the hundreds of known mycotoxins, aflatoxins, citrinin, patulin, penicillic acid, tenuazonic acid, ochratoxin A, cytochalasins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, fusarin C, fusaric acid, and zearalenone are considered the types that most contaminate cereal grain. The majority of the mycotoxins in these groups are produced by three fungal genera: Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. These metabolites primarily affect the seed quality, germination, viability, seedling vigour, growth of root and cleoptile. Additionally, since the fungi responsible for the production of these mycotoxins are often endophytes that infect and colonize living plant tissues, accumulation of mycotoxins in the plant tissues may at times be associated with development of plant disease symptoms. The presence of mycotoxins, even in the absence of disease symptoms, may still have subtle biological effects on the physiology of plants. Several studies highlight the toxic effects of mycotoxins on animals and cell lines but little is known about the mode of action of most of these metabolites on plant cells. The most important mycotoxins with phytotoxic effects and their producers in addition to their discovery are briefly outlined below and will be addressed in this article.

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“…This toxin was discovered in 1973 in maize in the USA [69], and the fungus was incorrectly identified as Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon emend. Snyd.…”

Section: Moniliforminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins that Affect the Human Cardiovascular System

Carvajal-Moreno¹

2015

Pharm Anal Acta

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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi in the field or during storage; these fungi are mainly saprophytic molds growing on foodstuffs or animal feeds. These molds produce chemical compounds of low molecular weight that are not detected by antigens and hence are insidious poisons with no obvious symptoms. Since 1960, mycotoxins have been considered responsible for diseases and death in domestic animals and humans. Mycotoxicoses, the diseases caused by mycotoxins, have been responsible for major epidemics in humans and domestic animals since agriculture was developed. Each of these diseases is caused by specific molds that produce one or more potent toxins, usually in one specific type of commodity or feed. Among the main mycotoxigenic fungi are the genera Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. and Fusarium spp.The symptoms caused by mycotoxins can be acute or chronic, depending on the type of toxin and the dose. The symptoms of acute mycotoxicoses include liver and kidney damage, attacks on the central nervous system, skin disorders, hormonal effects, miscarriage, hemorrhage, vomiting, diarrhea and many others. Mycotoxins are eaten in trace quantities in the daily diet; some, such as aflatoxins, can accumulate, whereas others are quickly eliminated. Examples of chronic mycotoxicoses include Reye syndrome, Kwashiorkor, and cancers that develop in experimental animals or humans long after the mycotoxin is eaten. In the present review, we will describe some mycotoxins that cause circulatory problems, vein breakage, hemorrhage, and heart failure. The structures, physicochemical properties [7], biosynthesis [8], production conditions and occurrence of aflatoxins are also well known [9,10]. One important property of aflatoxins is that they form links to DNA, RNA and proteins [11,12], and they accumulate over time as adducts of AFB1-formamidopyrimidine (AFB1-FAPY) [13] and AFB1-lysine albumin [14], which are active carcinogens. Mycotoxins that Affect the Human Cardiovascular SystemMagdaAflatoxins, the most powerful mycotoxins, were discovered in the early 1960s with the outbreak of turkey "X" disease in England and high incidences of liver disease in ducklings in Kenya and hatcheryreared trout in the United States; the causes of all these problems were aflatoxins [15]. Aflatoxins are present in numerous foods, such as cereals, spices [16], oilseeds [17], and dry fruits. After these foods are consumed, the aflatoxins pass into milk, [18,19], all dairy products, eggs [20] and meat [21] derivatives. Aflatoxins are considered unavoidable toxins [22]. Biological control measures include lactic acid bacterial fermentation, which is known to render cereal-based foods and beverages safe [23], and the use of aluminosilicates, glucomannans and optimal storage conditions to prevent fungal growth.Aflatoxin intake is related to kwashiorkor [24] and Reye syndrome [25], and aflatoxins induce liver damage in undernourished individuals [26]. Aflatoxins are classified as Group I carcinogens in humans [27]; the...

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Toxin from Fusarium moniliforme : Effects on Plants and Animals

Cited by 213 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of feedingFusarium fujikuroiculture material containing known levels of moniliformin in turkey poults

Effects of feedingFusarium fujikuroiculture material containing known levels of moniliformin in turkey poults

Mycotoxins: Producing Fungi and Mechanisms of Phytotoxicity

Mycotoxins that Affect the Human Cardiovascular System

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