Toxicity of Fuel Oil Water Accommodated Fractions on Two Marine Microalgae, Skeletonema costatum and Chlorela spp

Abstract

In this paper, the acute toxicity of four fuel oils including F120, F180, F380 and No.-20 was evaluated by exposing the marine microalgae Chlorela spp. (Chlorophyta) and Skeletonema costatum (Bacillariophyta) in the fuel oil water accommodated fractions (WAF). The bioassay showed that F180 WAF was the most toxic to both microalgae. The 96 h EC(50) value of F180 WAF for Skeletonema costatum and Chlorela spp. was 9.41 and 13.63 mg/L expressed in concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons, respectively. WAFs of F120, F180 and F380 were more toxic to Skeletonema costatum than to Chlorela spp. In contrast, No.-20 WAF did not show significant toxicity for both Skeletonema costatum and Chlorela spp.

Physiological response of 10 phytoplankton species exposed to macondo oil and the dispersant, Corexit

“…did not show significant inhibition of growth in a WAF made of MC252 crude oil, but did in a CEWAF treatment (Garr et al 2014). Work on Skeletonema costatum has suggested this species has a high sensitivity to oil exposure (Østgaard et al 1984, Deasi et al 2010, Chao et al 2012, although some studies have found it can tolerate certain types of oil (Dunstan et al 1975, Morales-Loo andGoutx 1990 Interestingly, the two strains of Skeletonema grethae (CCMP775 and CCMP776) had contrasting physiological responses to oil and oil and dispersant. While S. grethae CCMP775 was one of the most tolerant of the phytoplankton strains tested, S. grethae CCMP776 was by far one of the most sensitive.…”

“…, Chao et al. ), although some studies have found it can tolerate certain types of oil (Dunstan et al. , Morales‐Loo and Goutx ).…”

Effect of excessive CO2 on physiological functions in coastal diatom

“…Coastal ecosystems account for over a third of the world’s ecosystems services, such as nitrogen fixation, phytoplankton abundance and production, bacteria growth rates, food-wed type, and the interactions between animals, plants and bacteria 18 19 20 21 22 . Diatoms are the dominant group of phytoplankton in the modern ocean, specially in well-mixed coastal upwelling regions 23 24 , accounting for approximately 40% of oceanic primary productivity and critical foundation of coastal food web 25 26 . Coastal physiological functions (including cell density (CD), protein, chlorophyll a (Chl a ), malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and carbonic anhydrase (CAs)) have been used in our laboratory for the estimation of algal biomass, nutritional value, photosynthesis and respiration, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, and carbon sequestration ability, respectively.…”

The short-term effects of crude oil on the survival of different size-classes of cladoceran Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820)

“…The indirect impact of oil pollution to plankton may result in the decrease of dissolved oxygen concentration and related degradation in water quality parameters (Harrel, 1985;Li and Boufadel, 2010;Neff and Stubblefield, 1995). Very high concentrations of crude oil may eliminate primary producers from the area, thus decreasing the food resource for heterotrophs (Chao et al, 2012;Karydis, 1982). On the other hand, species and populations respond differentially to oil pollution.…”