Toxicity of Anchomanes difformis, An Antimalarial Herb in Murine Models

Olanlokun, John Oludele; Babarinde, Cecilia Opeyemi; Olorunsogo, Olufunso O.

doi:10.9734/ejmp/2017/35165

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Malaria induced anemia which is common in malaria endemic regions is a significant public health concern. Malaria induced anemia is characterized by hemolysis of infected and uninfected erythrocytes and bone marrow dyserythropoiesis [21]. In this study, the parasitized untreated mice (Negative control) showed signs of anemia characterized by decreased RBC, HB and PCV levels with increased WBC level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Antiplasmodial Activity of Artemether-Lumefantrine-Tinidazole on Plasmodium Berghei Infected Mice

Georgewill¹,

Harold²,

Adikwu³

2021

Health Sci

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Introducion: The impact of malaria scourge has been characterized by daunting challenges including antimalarial drug resistance. This necessitates the search for newer antimalaria drugs using approaches including drug repurposing. This study assessed whether Tinidazole (T) can be repurposed as antimalaria in combination with artemether/lumefantrine (A/L) in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Materials and Methods: Plasmodium berghei infected mice were grouped and orally treated with A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg), T (28.6 mg/kg), and A/L/T daily in curative, suppressive and prophylactic studies. The negative control (NC) and positive control (MC) were orally treated with 0.9% normal saline (0.2mL) and chloroquine (CQ) (10mg/kg) daily for 4 days, respectively. After drug administration, blood samples were collected and evaluated for parasitemia level, lipid and hematological parameters. Results: Significant decreases in parasitemia levels in the curative, suppressive and prophylactic groups were observed in mice treated with T (28.6 mg/kg) (p<0.05), A/L (2.3/13.7 mg/kg) (p<0.01) and A/L/T (p<0.001) when compared to negative control. Mean survival times were significantly increased at T (28.6 mg/kg) (p<0.05), A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg) (p<0.01) and A/L/T (p<0.001) when compared to negative control. Red blood cells, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, high density lipoprotein, cholesterol levels were significantly (p<0.001) increased whereas white blood cells, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly decreased at T (28.6 mg/kg) (p<0.05), A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg) (p<0.01) and A/L/T (p<0.001) when compared to negative control. The antiplasmodial effect of A/L/T differ significantly (p<0.05) when compared to positive control. Conclusion: This study recommends the repurposing of tinidazole in combination with artemether/lumefantrine for malaria treatment and further studies in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Antiplasmodial Activity of Artemether-Lumefantrine-Tinidazole on Plasmodium Berghei Infected Mice

Georgewill¹,

Harold²,

Adikwu³

2021

Health Sci

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“…Depending on field conditions and the number of shoots, aboveground plant height to where the stem first branched could reach 2.19 m, or more. Vertical height ranging from 0.8 to 2.0 m has also been reported (Olanlokun et al, 2017).…”

Section: About the Plant Fa Anchomanes Difformis (Bl) Englmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…These horizontal tubers have diameters varying from 0.04 to 0.12 m, extending over 0.6 m, and weighing up to Nwachukwu and Simonyan, 2015 kg. Olanlokun et al (2017) and Jacob and MacDonald (2015) have reported that the tubers could also reach 0.5 to 0.8 m long and 0.1 to 0.2 m in diameter. Depending on the methods used, peels of fresh FA could amount to 26.5 % of the fresh tubers, higher than that of cassava, 15 % (Adeoti, 2010).…”

Section: About the Plant Fa Anchomanes Difformis (Bl) Englmentioning

confidence: 94%

An Investigation into the Possibility of Producing Fuel Ethanol from Forest Anchomanes (Anchomanes Difformis (Bl.) ENGL.)

2020

JETP

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One of the factors responsible for the slow growth of the Nigerian Biofuel Programme is the concern trailing the use of cassava, a crop that has food, feed and industrial value in Nigeria, for fuel production. As an alternative feedstock, this study investigates the possibility of producing fuel ethanol from forest anchomanes (FA), Anchomanes difformis (Bl.) Engl., a plant that has no food and feed value in Nigeria. Results showed that FA tubers were rich in carbohydrate, between 70 and Sarkar, 2011 %. The stoichiometric ethanol content of FA varied from 0.032 to 0.054 kg kg-1 of fresh tubers, while the crude FA ethanol had a mean density of Nwachukwu and Simonyan, 2015 1.2 kg/m 3 at 20 °C. This suggests that FA has some potential for fuel ethanol production. This finding is useful to countries in the West African sub-region where FA is found.

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“…Malaria associated mortality is a challenge that is prevalent in malaria endemic regions primarily developing nations. MST is experimentally used to assess the ability of antimalarial candidate drugs to prevent or reduced mortality in plasmodium parasitized rodents [27]. In this study, KT/A/L increased MST in the suppressive, curative and prophylactic tests best than individual dose of KT and A/L.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Antiplasmodial Activity of Ketotifen-Artemether-Lumefantrine on Plasmodium Berghei Infected Mice

Georgewill¹,

Ezerioha²,

Adikwu³

2020

Health Sci

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Introduction: The development of new antimalarial drugs is time-consuming and costly, thus repurposing of drugs with initial indications for possible antimalarial indication is imperative. This study assessed the antiplasmodial effect of ketotifen (KT) in combination with artemether/lumefantrine (A/L) in Plasmodium bergei infected mice. Materials and Methods: Adult mice (25-30g) were parasitized with Plasmodium berghei, grouped and treated per oral (p.o) with KT (0.1mg/kg), A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg) and KT/A/L daily in curative, suppressive and prophylactic studies. The negative control (NC) and the positive control (PC) were treated daily p.o with normal saline (0.2mL) and chloroquine (CQ) (10mg/kg) for 4 days respectively. After treatment, blood samples were collected and assessed for percentage parasitemia level, hematological and lipid parameters. Results: The curative, suppressive and prophylactic studies showed significant decreases in percentage parasitemia levels at KT (0.1mg/kg) (p<0.01), A/L (2.3/13.7 mg/kg) (p<0.001) and KT/A/L (p<0.0001) when compared to negative control. Significant increases in mean survival times occurred at KT (0.1 mg/kg) (p<0.01), A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg) (p<0.001) and A/L/T (p<0.0001) when compared to negative control. Significant increases in pack cell volume, red blood cells, hemoglobin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with significant decreases in total cholesterol, white blood cells, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels at KT (28.6 mg/kg) (p<0.05), A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg) (p<0.01) and KT/A/L (p<0.001) when compared to negative control. Conclusion: KT may be repurposed in combination with A/L for malaria treatment.

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Toxicity of Anchomanes difformis, An Antimalarial Herb in Murine Models

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Antiplasmodial Activity of Artemether-Lumefantrine-Tinidazole on Plasmodium Berghei Infected Mice

Antiplasmodial Activity of Artemether-Lumefantrine-Tinidazole on Plasmodium Berghei Infected Mice

An Investigation into the Possibility of Producing Fuel Ethanol from Forest Anchomanes (Anchomanes Difformis (Bl.) ENGL.)

Antiplasmodial Activity of Ketotifen-Artemether-Lumefantrine on Plasmodium Berghei Infected Mice

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