Toxicity of a Furanocoumarin to Armyworms: A Case of Biosynthetic Escape from Insect Herbivores

Berenbaum, May R.

doi:10.1126/science.201.4355.532

Cited by 235 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Starved hyraxes offered P. triradiatus as their only food and then exposed to the sun showed phototoxic symptoms such as apathy, photophobia, and injuries around the eyes and the back 3 to 4 hr after feeding (38). The polyphageous southern armyworm Spodoptera eridania (Noctuidae) dies after eating a diet with 0.1% (fresh weight) xanthotoxin if exposed to UV radiation (39). Some insects prevent UV radiation by living in rolled leaves and survive by feeding on plants with high contents of furanocou-marins (39 (40).…”

Section: Distribution and Ecologic Functions Biochemistry Ofselected mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polyphageous southern armyworm Spodoptera eridania (Noctuidae) dies after eating a diet with 0.1% (fresh weight) xanthotoxin if exposed to UV radiation (39). Some insects prevent UV radiation by living in rolled leaves and survive by feeding on plants with high contents of furanocou-marins (39 (40).…”

Section: Distribution and Ecologic Functions Biochemistry Ofselected mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selected Phenolic Compounds in Cultivated Plants: Ecologic Functions, Health Implications, and Modulation by Pesticides

Daniel¹,

Meier²,

Schlatter³

et al. 1999

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Phenolic compounds are widely distributed in the plant kingdom. Plant tissues may contain up to several grams per kilogram. External stimuli such as microbial infections, ultraviolet radiation, and chemical stressors induce their synthesis. The phenolic compounds resveratrol, flavonoids, and furanocoumarins have many ecologic functions and affect human health. Ecologic functions include defense against microbial pathogens and herbivorous animals. Phenolic compounds may have both beneficial and toxic effects on human health. Effects on lowdensity lipoproteins and aggregation of platelets are beneficial because they reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Mutagenic, cancerogenic, and phototoxic effects are risk factors of human health. The synthesis of phenolic compounds in plants can be modulated by the application of herbicides and, to a lesser extent, insecticides and fungicides. The effects on ecosystem functioning and human health are complex and cannot be predicted with great certainty. The consequences of the combined natural and pesticide-induced modulating effects for ecologic functions and human health should be further evaluated. -Environ Health Perspect 1 07(Suppl 1): 109-114 (1999). http://ehpnetl.niehs.nih.gov/docs/1999/Suppl-1/ 109-1 14daniel/abstract.html

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Section: Distribution and Ecologic Functions Biochemistry Ofselected mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution and Ecologic Functions Biochemistry Ofselected mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Phenolic Compounds in Cultivated Plants: Ecologic Functions, Health Implications, and Modulation by Pesticides

Daniel¹,

Meier²,

Schlatter³

et al. 1999

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…In 1978, Berenbaum (83) reported that when the linear furanocoumarin, xanthotoxin (III), was administered to the larvae of the southern armyworm, a low level of toxicity was observed that was greatly enhanced when UV light was shown upon the larvae. She also observed a longer time required for pupation to Downloaded by 34 (86) reported that the angular furanocoumarin, angelicin (IV), reduced the growth rate and the fecundity of the larvae of the black swallowtail butterfly, whereas xanthotoxin was not appreciably toxic to this insect.…”

Section: Furanocoumarinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Photoactivated Compounds as Pesticides

Heitz

1987

ACS Symposium Series

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Although light has been known to enhance certain toxic reactions since 1888, the principle was not exploited until after 1970 to any great extent. The greatest concentration of effort has been in the study of photodynamically active dyes, primarily the halogenated fluorescein series, as prospective insecticides. More recently, compounds of plant origin have been isolated, identified, and studied as phototoxins against a wide range of pests, including insects, fungi, and weeds. The main classes studied to this time are the furanocoumarins, thiophenes, acetylenes, extended quinones, and the chlorophyll a intermediates popularized as "laser herbicides." It is apparent that this area of research will expand in the coming years rather than retrench.The expenditure of energy frequently helps to enhance the probability of successfully reaching one's goals in this universe. For as long as chemistry has existed as a science, we have input energy, most frequently heat energy, into chemical reactions to make the molecules or to produce the effects which we wanted. The use of light energy has remained quantitatively a minor component as a means of energy input. This has also been the case with the development of the pesticide industry. Light energy has not been used to drive toxicological reactions or to provide specificity for those reactions to any great extent until the decade of the 70's. Several review chapters have been written covering individual aspects of photodynamically active pesticides (1-8). The purpose of this chapter is to provide a chronological treatment of the development of light as an integral part of the toxicological action of several classes of pesticides; and also, to show the development of the various classes of light activated pesticides relative to each other.

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“…51 To avoid phototoxicity, some insects roll the leaves and feed on the inside of the leaves, thereby avoiding UV radiation. 52 Specialist insects feeding on furanocoumarincontaining plants (Umbelliferae and Rutaceae) such as swallowtail butterflies detoxify them by P-450 oxygenases. Angular furanocoumarins are more difficult to detoxify than linear ones, 53 and some specialists can feed only on linear furanocoumarin-containing plants.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%