Toxicity of 1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane as Determined on Laboratory Animals and Human Subjects

Evaluation of the psychophysiological functions in humans exposed to the `Threshold Limit Value' of 1,1,1-trichloroethane

“…of 1,1,1-trichloroethane vapours in air would produce any acute physiological effects. Guinea-pigs, rabbits, and monkeys were exposed daily for 7 hours a day to such concentrations without any adverse effects being noted (Adams et al, 1950;Torkelson et al, 1958). These findings agree with those obtained when comparable studies were conducted on humans exposed 7 hours a day for five days (Stewart et al, 1961).…”

“…After a 4 single vapour exposure it exerts its principal toxic action as an anaesthetic. It produces a functional depression of the central nervous system, the magnitude of which is proportional to-the degree of exposure (Stewart, Gay, Erley, Hake, and Schaffer, 1961;Torkelson, Oyen, McCollister, and Rowe, 1958;Krantz, Park, and Ling, 1959;Dornette and Jones, 1960). Except for its anaesthetic properties at high concentrations, 1,1,1-trichloroethane does not exert any adverse effects on the body and is to be classified among the least toxic solvents (Plaa, Evans, and Hine, 1958).…”

Techniques Used in Excavation, Preparation, and Curation of Fossils From Rancho La Brea

“…This solvent is deemed more satisfactory than some other petroleum based solvents because it is nonflammable, has low toxicity, and meets the federal, state, and local E.P.A. smog standards (Torkelson et at 1958at , Miller 1971.…”

Safety in the laboratory: 1,1,1-trichloroethane

“…Among the Chlorothenes, the Industrial grade has the least inhibitor but all contain dioxane; Chlorothene NU was estimated to have 4-5% inhibitors (3a, 4). A listing of the ingredients of Chlorothene has appeared (5). The ingredients, based on infrared analysis, were 94-97% 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 2.4-3.0% dioxane, 0.12-0.3% butanol, and small amounts of ethylene dichloride, water, and other materials.…”