Toxicity and physiological effects of neem pesticides applied to rice on the Nilaparvata lugens Stål, the brown planthopper

Neem Crude Extract as Potential Biopesticide for Controlling Golden Apple Snail, Pomacea canaliculata

“…Reference [12], while studying the effect of Phytolacca dodecandra and Azadirachta indica on the reproduction of the golden apple snail reported that their active molluscicidal compounds such as triterpenoid and azadirachtin [34] caused a significant reduction in the survival of young and matured golden apple snail. The compounds have many properties including insecticidal activity, antifeedant, acting as a phago-and oviposition deterrent [36], growth retardant, moulting inhibitor, and sterilant as well as having anti-fungal, anti-viral and anti-bacterial properties against pathogens [33]. Table 5 and 6 summarize the results on the effect of neem leaves and seeds aqueous crude extract to two different golden apple snail's mortality.…”

“…Reference [36] reported the effects of two different neem products (Parker Oil ™ and Neema ® ) on mortality, food consumption and survival of the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) were studied in the field. The experiment with nymph and adult reared in cages that set out in the paddy field showed immediate mortality after treatment application.…”

“…The increasing amount of research on insect-plant chemical interactions has unveiled the potential of utilizing botanicals insecticides in the form of secondary plant metabolites or allelochemicals [36]. These naturally occurring biocidal agents have been shown to be selective, readily biodegradable and safe to human.…”

Neem Seed Oil: Encapsulation and Controlled Release - Search for a Greener Alternative for Pest Control

“…Wanyika et al (Wanyika et al2009) reported that pyrethrum-botanical oil (neem sedd oil, cotton seed oil and yellow oleander oils) blends against maize weevils was effective insecticide compared to pure pyrethrum based insecticide. Senthil-Nathan et al (Senthil-Nathan et al, 2009) studied on the toxicity and physiological effects of neem pesticides applied to rice and found neem-based pesticides to be more effective to inhibit the growth and survival of N. lugens, the brown planthopper. When the synthetic insecticides chlorpyrifos (Termex®), cypermethrin+acetamiprid (Conquest®), and the natural insecticide neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil extract were used, the insecticides significantly reduced the populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., and the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller (Umeh et al, 2009).…”

Herbivore- and Elicitor-Induced Resistance in Rice to the Rice Water Weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel) in the Laboratory and Field

“…What research that has been done has primarily focused on indirect induced resistance and/or induced responses to feeding by sucking insects (Bentur and Kalode 1996;Seino et al 1996;Matsumura and Suzuki 2003;Xu et al 2002Xu et al , 2003Kanno et al 2005;Lou et al 2005;Senthil-Nathan et al 2009). Recently, however, Stout et al (2009) demonstrated direct induced resistance in rice to a chewing insect, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E.…”