Toxic potential of organic constituents of submicron particulate matter (PM1) in an urban road site (Barcelona)

Mesquita, Sofia Raquel; Drooge, Barend L. van; Dall’Osto, Manuel; Grimalt, Joan O.; Barata, Carlos; Vieira, Maria Natividade; Guimarães, Laura; Piña, Benjamı́n

doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9201-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The present study showed that SOA does not contribute to PM toxicity compared to, for example, biomass burning. Nevertheless, recent studies showed that urban SOA induced moderate effects in exposure assays [62,63,69,70]. On the other hand, risk assessment studies are in agreement with the main results of the present study, showing that ambient air pollution from biomass burning in rural-sub-urban sites represents a higher risk to develop lung cancer in humans throughout their life than pollutants that were measured in modern cities, such as Barcelona, with traffic as a dominant emission source [71].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Source Apportionment and Toxicity of PM in Urban, Sub-Urban, and Rural Air Quality Network Stations in Catalonia

et al. 2021

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Air quality indicators, i.e., PM10, NO2, O3, benzo[a]pyrene, and several organic tracer compounds were evaluated in an urban traffic station, a sub-urban background station, and a rural background station of the air quality network in Catalonia (Spain) from summer to winter 2019. The main sources that contribute to the organic aerosol and PM toxicity were determined. Traffic-related air pollution dominated the air quality in the urban traffic station, while biomass burning in winter and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in summer impact the air quality in the sub-urban and rural background stations. Health risk assessment for chronic exposure over the past decade, using WHO air quality standards, showed that NO2, PM10 and benzo[a]pyrene from traffic emissions pose an unacceptable risk to the human population in the urban traffic station. PM10 and benzo[a]pyrene from biomass burning were unacceptably high in the sub-urban and rural background stations. Toxicity tests of the PM extracts with epithelial lung cells showed higher toxicity in wintertime samples in the sub-urban and rural stations, compared to the urban traffic station. These results require different mitigation strategies for urban and rural sites in order to improve the air quality. In urban areas, traffic emissions are still dominating the air quality, despite improvements in the last years, and may directly be responsible for part of the SOA and O3 levels in sub-urban and rural areas. In these later areas, air pollution from local biomass burning emissions are dominating the air quality, essentially in the colder period of the year.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Source Apportionment and Toxicity of PM in Urban, Sub-Urban, and Rural Air Quality Network Stations in Catalonia

et al. 2021

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“…PM immersion studies in zebrafish mimic the natural route of exposure to PM in aquatic organisms that may result from watershed runoff, ash deposits, or other forms of contamination ( Mesquita et al, 2016 , Mesquita et al, 2017 , Babić et al, 2021 ) making it a useful model for screening the ecotoxicological effects of PM and other chemicals. However, PM exposure via immersion and injection contrasts with the primary route of exposure to PM in humans, i.e., inhalation.…”

Section: Danio Reriomentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility of alternative models in particulate matter air pollution toxicology

Smoot

Padilla²,

Farraj³

2022

Current Research in Toxicology

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“…From the TEM images of the brown sample an ordered internal structure is not visible. The particles seem to consist of an oily substance (described as "condensed organic species" by Moore et al, 2014) which adheres well to the filter fibers (Fig. 10).…”

Section: Tem -Transmission Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, black carbon (BC) has an important effect on radiative forcing as it has the strongest light absorption of all aerosol components (Bond and Bergstrom, 2006;IPCC, 2013). Carbonaceous material has also been found to cause various deleterious health effects (Highwood and Kinnersley, 2006;Anderson et al, 2012;Mesquita et al, 2017;EEA, 2017;Partanen et al, 2018;Rohr and McDonald, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural changes of CAST soot during a thermal–optical measurement protocol

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Thermal–optical measurement techniques are widely used to classify carbonaceous material. The results of different methods for total carbon are comparable but can vary by >44 % for elemental carbon. One major cause of variation is the formation of pyrolyzed carbon during the heating process which occurs mainly in samples with a high amount of brown carbon (BrC). In this study the structural changes of two different CAST (combustion aerosol standard) aerosol samples caused by the heating procedure in a thermal–optical instrument were investigated with UV–VIS and Raman spectroscopy, the integrating-sphere technique (IS) and transmission electron microscopy. All analysis techniques showed significant structural changes for BrC-rich samples at the highest temperature level (870 ∘C) in helium. The structure of the heated BrC-rich sample resembles the structure of an unheated BrC-poor sample. Heating the BrC-rich sample to 870 ∘C increases the graphitic domain size within the material from 1.6 to 2 nm. Although the Raman spectra unambiguously show this increase in ordering only at the highest temperature step, UV–VIS and IS analyses show a continuous change in the optical properties also at lower temperatures. The sample with a negligible amount of BrC, however, did not show any significant structural changes during the whole heating procedure.

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Toxic potential of organic constituents of submicron particulate matter (PM1) in an urban road site (Barcelona)

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Source Apportionment and Toxicity of PM in Urban, Sub-Urban, and Rural Air Quality Network Stations in Catalonia

Source Apportionment and Toxicity of PM in Urban, Sub-Urban, and Rural Air Quality Network Stations in Catalonia

The utility of alternative models in particulate matter air pollution toxicology

Structural changes of CAST soot during a thermal–optical measurement protocol

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