Towards Improvements for Penetrating the Blood–Brain Barrier—Recent Progress from a Material and Pharmaceutical Perspective

He, Quanguo; Liu, Jun; Liang, Jing; Liu, Xiaopeng; Li, Wen; Zhi, Liu; Ding, Ziyu; Tuo, Du

doi:10.3390/cells7040024

Cited by 232 publications

(137 citation statements)

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“…The BBB also serves to regulate the transport of different molecules through the CNS, maintaining control of the environment and homeostasis of the brain required for correct neuronal functioning. However, at the same time the BBB represents an obstacle for drug delivery to the CNS, and thus major efforts have been made to generate methods to bypass the BBB for the delivery of therapeutic compounds and drugs …”

Section: The Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, at the same time the BBB represents an obstacle for drug delivery to the CNS, and thus major efforts have been made to generate methods to bypass the BBB for the delivery of therapeutic compounds and drugs. 8 The BBB Opening With FUS The treatment of CNS diseases involves the synergistic action of the BBB to transport therapeutic agents. The BBB hinders the transcellular diffusion path, which is confined only to lipid soluble compounds smaller than 400 Da with fewer than 9 hydrogen bonds crossing via lipid-mediated transport.…”

Section: The Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood–brain barrier opening with focused ultrasound in experimental models of Parkinson's disease

2019

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Parkinson's disease has many symptomatic treatments, but there is no neuroprotective therapy currently available. The evolution of this disease is inexorably progressive, and halting or stopping the neurodegenerative process is a major unmet need. Parkinson's disease motor features at onset are typically limited to 1 body segment, that is, focal signs, and the nigrostriatal degeneration is highly asymmetrical and mainly present in the caudal putamen. Thus, clinically and neurobiologically the process is fairly limited early in its evolution. Tentatively, this would allow the possibility of intervening to halt neurodegeneration at the most vulnerable site. The recent use of new technologies such as focused ultrasound provides interesting prospects. In particular, the possibility of transiently opening the blood–brain barrier to facilitate penetrance of putative neuroprotective agents is a highly attractive approach that could be readily applied to Parkinson's disease. However, because there are currently effective treatments available (ie, dopaminergic pharmacological therapy), more experimental evidence is needed to construct a feasible and practical therapeutic approach to be tested early in the evolution of Parkinson's disease patients. In this review, we provide the current evidence for the application of blood–brain barrier opening in experimental models of Parkinson's disease and discuss its potential clinical applicability. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

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Section: The Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood–brain barrier opening with focused ultrasound in experimental models of Parkinson's disease

2019

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“…Infusion with tariquidar (a third generation Pgp inhibitor) has been shown to induce near complete inhibition of Pgp and increases the total distribution volume of (R)‐[11C]verapamil in the CNS by 273 ± 78% . However, other third generation Pgp inhibitors have been successful in preclinical investigations, but have not enhanced the clinical effectiveness of antidepressant drugs and even if there is a great therapeutic gain, the practicalities of infusion medication are difficult to implement in clinical practice. Given that Pgp inhibition weakens the blood–brain barrier, the risk of central adverse events may be increased.…”

Section: Side Effects and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Verapamil and Cluster Headache: Still a Mystery. A Narrative Review of Efficacy, Mechanisms and Perspectives

et al. 2019

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Objective A evaluation of the effect of verapamil and other calcium channel blockers in cluster headache (CH) treatment and an investigation of possible effect mechanisms. Background Verapamil has been used in the prevention of CH for almost 3 decades, however, the mode of action and therapeutic target is still unknown. Methods A Pubmed search was conducted: “Verapamil”[Mesh] and “Cluster Headache”[Mesh]. We identified 5 relevant studies for CH. Publications were included if they made a substantial contribution within 3 prespecified areas: Efficacy (randomized controlled‐trials or open labels studies), safety, and mechanism of effect. Results Clinical effect: Clinical preventive treatment of CH with verapamil is based on 2 randomized controlled studies and 3 open‐label studies. In total, 183 CH patients participated. Verapamil 360 mg/day was used in both controlled studies. Half of the chronic patients experienced benefit from verapamil treatment and the attack burden of episodic patients was, on average, reduced by 1 attack/day. Open‐label studies support a dose‐dependent level of efficacy. Mechanism of effect: Human and animal studies indicate that verapamil may exert its effect by modulating circadian rhythms, perhaps in central pacemakers, and/or by affecting release of calcitonin gene‐related peptide. Conclusion Verapamil appears to be an effective prophylactic drug in the treatment of CH and despite the scarcity of controlled trials, it is still the drug of choice. A chronotherapeutic approach might increase the effect. More basic and pharmacokinetic research is needed before the mechanism can be fully understood.

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“…An abnormal level of dopamine may cause several central nervous system diseases such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease [2][3][4][5]. Therefore, it is of great significance to detect dopamine accurately at a physiological level in the earlier prevention and clinical diagnosis of these neurological diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologically Tunable MnO2 Nanoparticles Fabrication, Modelling and Their Influences on Electrochemical Sensing Performance toward Dopamine

Liu

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The morphology or shape of nanomaterials plays an important role in functional applications, especially in the electrochemical sensing performance of nanocomposites modified electrodes. Herein, the morphology-dependent electrochemical sensing properties of MnO 2 -reduced graphene oxide/glass carbon electrode (MnO 2 -RGO/GCE) toward dopamine detection were investigated. Firstly, various morphologies of nanoscale MnO 2 , including MnO 2 nanowires (MnO 2 NWs), MnO 2 nanorods (MnO 2 NRs), and MnO 2 nanotubes (MnO 2 NTs), were synthesized under different hydrothermal conditions. Then the corresponding MnO 2 -RGO/GCEs were fabricated via drop-casting and the subsequent electrochemical reduction method. The oxidation peak currents increase with the electrochemical activity area following the order of MnO 2 NWs-RGO/GCE, MnO 2 NTs-RGO/GCE, and MnO 2 NRs-RGO/GCE. The spatial models for MnO 2 NWs, MnO 2 NTs, and MnO 2 NRs are established and accordingly compared by their specific surface area, explaining well the evident difference in electrochemical responses. Therefore, the MnO 2 NWs-RGO/GCE is selected for dopamine detection due to its better electrochemical sensing performance. The response peak current is found to be linear with dopamine concentration in the range of 8.0 × 10 −8 mol/L-1.0 × 10 −6 mol/L and 1.0 × 10 −6 mol/L-8.0 × 10 −5 mol/L with a lower detection limit of 1 × 10 −9 mol/L (S/N = 3). Finally, MnO 2 NWs-RGO/GCE is successfully used for the determination of dopamine injection samples, with a recovery of 99.6-103%. These findings are of great significance for understanding the relationship between unlimited nanoparticle structure manipulation and performance improvement.

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Towards Improvements for Penetrating the Blood–Brain Barrier—Recent Progress from a Material and Pharmaceutical Perspective

Cited by 232 publications

References 112 publications

Blood–brain barrier opening with focused ultrasound in experimental models of Parkinson's disease

Blood–brain barrier opening with focused ultrasound in experimental models of Parkinson's disease

Verapamil and Cluster Headache: Still a Mystery. A Narrative Review of Efficacy, Mechanisms and Perspectives

Morphologically Tunable MnO2 Nanoparticles Fabrication, Modelling and Their Influences on Electrochemical Sensing Performance toward Dopamine

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