Towards Energy-Aware 5G Heterogeneous Networks

Lateef, Hafiz Yasar; Döhler, Mischa; Mohammed, Amr; Guizani, Mohsen; Chiasserini, Carla-Fabiana

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27568-0_2

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The drastic increase of mobile devices during the last years has led to the so‐called ultra‐dense heterogeneous networks (HetNets) for improving coverage, capacity, and energy efficiency, which are a promising solution for fifth generation (5G). This paradigm mixes macrocells that are similar to conventional base stations, which are responsible for providing the basic coverage in the whole cell area, and ultra‐dense small cells (ie, microcells and femtocells), which provide higher data rates to their nearby users with low power consumption …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay‐ and energy‐aware load balancing in ultra‐dense heterogeneous 5G networks

Taboada

Aalto

Lassila

et al. 2017

Trans. Emerging Tel. Tech.

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In the context of ultra‐dense heterogeneous networks in 5G, we focus on the load balancing problem of elastic traffic in a single macrocell that is supported by a number of small cells. Each small cell is modeled by a single‐class processor sharing queue, whereas the macrocell is modelled by a multiclass processor sharing queue. We assume that the macrocell is always consuming energy, while a small cell can be switched off when it is idle with the setup delay penalty. As the main contribution, aimed at minimizing the weighted sum of the mean delay and the mean power consumption in the system, we develop static and dynamic load balancing policies that take into account the setup delay. All the obtained results are analytically founded. The performance of the static policy is evaluated using the achieved analytical expressions, which include the static optimal probabilities achieved before, whereas for the dynamic policy we need to perform simulations using previously obtained numerical results from the first policy iteration procedure. As concluded, numerical results indicate that the dynamic policy outperforms the static policy under realistic settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay‐ and energy‐aware load balancing in ultra‐dense heterogeneous 5G networks

Taboada

Aalto

Lassila

et al. 2017

Trans. Emerging Tel. Tech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the high demand, the base stations (BSs) can be deployed more densely in 5G networks, where a few Small Cells (SCs) will be introduced under the inclusion of a large scale eNodeB (eNB) so as to fulfill the expanding need [2]. Based on this new direction, Heterogeneous organizations (HetNets) are required to accomplish vitality (energy) effective interchanges [3], as the SCs can be set in vital zones (e.g., hotspots) which can deal with huge traffic of heterogeneous information to improve the organization execution. While the vitality utilization is required to increment with the quantity of BSs [4], it gets important to concentrate new arrangements that add to diminishing both the capital costs and working costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime Maximization for 5G Mobile Networks using Secured and Finest Optimal Routing Protocol

Thirunavukkarasu¹,

A²,

Periasamy³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Enhancing the network lifetime is mandate since to increase the efficiency of the network and to improve their performance. However reliable routing in wireless mobile network is the most significant problem that exists. Therefore offering mobility characteristic to each and every node’s in the networks requires a new meaning for the lifetime of network. In this research article, joint optimization mechanism called Secured and Finest Optimal Routing (SFOR) protocol is proposed. When the mobile node’s routing is indefinite or unidentified in Software Defined Network (SDN) then the three cases of routing problem is formulated for deriving secured and finest optimal routing which aims in lifetime maximization. All the three cases may be modelled as linear programming (LP) problems which can be solved as the source node routing progresses. Further for mobile node’s routing which is definite or precise, the reference energy value is set to balance the network lifetime. The proposed SFOR protocol is simulated and the performance is compared with the existing scheme. From the performance analysis it is observed that the proposed SFOR protocol enhance the network lifetime 50% and 16% as compared with Route Selection based on Connectivity, Delay, and Trust (RSCDT) and Virtual Ad hoc Routing Protocol (VARP) respectively.

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A Robust User Association, Backhaul Routing, and Switching Off Model for a 5G Network With Variable Traffic Demands

Zola

Martín-Escalona

2020

IEEE Access

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With the expected increase in data traffic (e.g., video) and in the user devices generating new traffic (e.g., device-to-device communication, Internet of Things, etc.), the evolution of next-generation mobile networks (e.g., 5G networks) has gone towards heterogeneous deployments where multiple small cells coexist in the same area covered by a macro base station. To reduce the capital expenses in the network, a wireless mesh can be used, which is made of millimeter-wave links that route the data traffic of the mobile users inside the backhaul network. Such an increase in the number of deployed base stations inevitably increases the power consumption; hence, the operating expenses and the CO 2 consumption also increase. To achieve greener mobile communications, sleep-mode strategies have been considered in order to switch off the unused network components. However, the switching on/off should be made according to the traffic demanded by the users and with the aim of guaranteeing the demanded service at any time. Given that the traffic demand and networking traffic fluctuate over time at each location, we propose a robust mixed integer linear problem that jointly solves the user association, the backhaul routing paths in the wireless mesh and the switching off of the unused links with the aim of minimizing the power consumption. The robust strategy is based on the -robust approach and is able to guarantee the user demand while taking into account its intrinsic variability. A thorough evaluation has been performed in order to analyze the impact of the robust strategy on the network performance.

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Towards Energy-Aware 5G Heterogeneous Networks

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Delay‐ and energy‐aware load balancing in ultra‐dense heterogeneous 5G networks

Delay‐ and energy‐aware load balancing in ultra‐dense heterogeneous 5G networks

Lifetime Maximization for 5G Mobile Networks using Secured and Finest Optimal Routing Protocol

A Robust User Association, Backhaul Routing, and Switching Off Model for a 5G Network With Variable Traffic Demands

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