Towards a Design-Based Analysis of Emotional Episodes

Wright, I. P.; Sloman, Aaron; Beaudoin, Luc P.

doi:10.1353/ppp.1996.0022

Cited by 66 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Modelling emotions like infatuated love and grief, that involve a loss of control, can be accomplished by first showing how information processing architectures maintain control in the highest metamanagement layer in typical unemotional circumstances. Then emotional states where control is lost can be modelled as perturbances to meta-management processes which result in disruptions to intentional control [23], [21], [24]. So such perturbant emotions involve uncontrolled thoughts, negative or positive, being activated for processing with the attention requiring deliberative layer, thus 'pushing' other thoughts out.…”

Section: Taking Stock and Bringing Things Togethermentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling emotional attachment: An integrative framework for architectures and scenarios

Petters

Waters

2015

2015 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

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Abstract-Humans possess a strong innate predisposition to emotionally attach to familiar people around them who provide physical or emotional security. Attachment Theory describes and explains diverse phenomena related to this predisposition, including: infants using their carers as secure-bases from which to explore, and havens of safety to return to when tired or anxious, the development of attachment patterns over ontogenetic and phylogenetic development, and emotional responses to separation and loss throughout the lifespan. This paper proposes that one way for computational modelling to integrate these phenomena is to organise them within temporally nested scenarios, with moment to moment phenomena organised within ontogenetic and phylogenetic sequences. A number of existing agent-based models and robotic attachment simulations capture attachment behaviour, but individual simulations created with different tools and modelling approaches typically do not integrate easily with each other. Two ways to better integrate attachment model are proposed. First, a number of simulations are described that have been created with the same agent-based modelling toolkit, so showing that moment to moment secure base behaviour and the development of individual differences in attachment security can be simulated with closely related architectural designs. Secondly, an integrative modelling approach is proposed where the evaluation of, and comparison between attachment models is guided by reference to a shared conceptual framework for architectures provided by the CogAff schema. This approach can integrate a broad range of emotional processes including: the formation of a set of richer internal representations; and loss of control that can occur in emotional episodes.

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Section: Taking Stock and Bringing Things Togethermentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling emotional attachment: An integrative framework for architectures and scenarios

Petters

Waters

2015

2015 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

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“…This architecture allows us to define a variety of classes of human emotions, which differ as regards which component of the architecture triggers them and which components they affect: in addition to primary and secondary emotions defined above we distinguish tertiary emotions which perturb or have a disposition to perturb the control of attention in the meta-management subsystem, as explained at length in (Wright et al, 1996). The layers in H-CogAff are also intended to mark significant evolutionary steps.…”

Section: H-cogaff: a Special Case Of Cogaffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Sloman, 2001a), elaborated this idea by defining "primary" emotions as entirely triggered within a reactive mechanism, "secondary" emotions as those triggered within a deliberative system, and "tertiary" emotions (referred to as "perturbances" in the analysis of grief in (Wright et al, 1996)) as states and processes that involve actual or dispositional disruption of attention-control processes in the meta-management (reflective) system. That is just a very crude, inadequate, first draft high level subdivision which does not capture the rich variety of processes colloquially described as "emotions" or "emotional".…”

Section: Towards a Generic Definition Of "Emotion"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This kind of analysis is obviously not restricted to the above states, but could be done for any form of anger (Sloman, 1982), fear, grief (Wright et al, 1996), pride, jealousy, excited anticipation, infatuation, relief, various kinds of joy, schadenfreude, spite, shame, embarrassment, guilt, regret, delight, enjoyment (of a state or activity) etc. Architecture-based analyses are also possible for other non-emotional, affective states such as attitudes, moods, states like surprise, expectation, and the like.…”

Section: An Architecture-based Analysis Of "Being Afraid"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Architectural Basis of Affective States and Processes

Sloman¹,

Chrisley²,

Scheutz³

2005

Who Needs Emotions?

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Much discussion of emotions and related topics is riddled with confusion because different authors use the key expressions with different meanings. Some confuse the concept of "emotion" with the more general concept of "affect", which covers other things besides emotions, including moods, attitudes, desires, preferences, intentions, dislikes, etc. Moreover researchers have different goals: some are concerned with understanding natural phenomena, while others are more concerned with producing useful artifacts, e.g. synthetic entertainment agents, sympathetic machine interfaces, and the like. We address this confusion by showing how "architecture-based" concepts can extend and refine our pre-theoretical concepts in ways that make them more useful both for expressing scientific questions and theories, and for specifying engineering objectives. An implication is that different information-processing architectures support different classes of emotions, different classes of consciousness, different varieties of perception, and so on. We start with high level concepts applicable to a wide variety of types of natural and artificial systems, including very simple organisms, namely concepts such as "need", "function", "information-user", "affect", "informationprocessing architecture". For more complex architectures, we offer the CogAff schema as a generic framework which distinguishes types of components that may be in a architecture, operating concurrently with different functional roles. We also sketch H-Cogaff, a richlyfeatured special case of CogAff, conjectured as a type of architecture that can explain or replicate human mental phenomena. We show how the concepts that are definable in terms of such architectures can clarify and enrich research on human emotions. If successful for the purposes of science and philosophy the architecture is also likely to be useful for engineering purposes, though many engineering goals can be achieved using shallow concepts and shallow theories, e.g., producing "believable" agents for computer entertainments. The more human-like robot emotions will emerge, as they do in humans, from the interactions of many mechanisms serving different purposes, not from a particular, dedicated "emotion mechanism".

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“…The filter uses a simple threshold function, allowing motives through when their insistence is above the threshold. MINDER1 is based on a three-layer architecture developed as part of the Cognition & Affect project by Sloman and Beaudoin (Wright et al, 1996). As such, it includes both a management layer and a meta-management layer.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Goals and Resources in Dynamic Environments

Gordón

Logan

Visions of Mind

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A key problem for agents is responding in a timely and appropriate way to multiple, often conflicting goals in a complex, dynamic environment. In this paper we propose a novel goal processing architecture which allows an agent to arbitrate between multiple conflicting goals. Building on the teleo-reactive programming framework originally developed in robotics, we introduce the notion of a resource which represents a condition which must be true for the safe concurrent execution of a durative action. We briefly outline a goal arbitration architecture for teleo-reactive programs with resources which allows an agent to respond flexibly to multiple competing goals with conflicting resource requirements.

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Towards a Design-Based Analysis of Emotional Episodes

Cited by 66 publications

References 34 publications

Modelling emotional attachment: An integrative framework for architectures and scenarios

Modelling emotional attachment: An integrative framework for architectures and scenarios

The Architectural Basis of Affective States and Processes

Managing Goals and Resources in Dynamic Environments

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