Toward improved design of check dam systems: A case study in the Loess Plateau, China

Pal, Debasish; Galelli, Stefano; Tang, Honglei; Ran, Qihua

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.02.051

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The Chinese Loess Plateau is an area of about 650 thousand km 2 located in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River [1]. This region is well known for its severe soil erosion and high sediment yields from its most erosion-prone area of approximately 472 thousand km 2 , including 91.2 thousand km 2 with sediment yields exceeding 8000 t/km 2 /a [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Check Dams on Flood and Erosion Dynamic Processes of a Small Watershed in the Loss Plateau

Yuan

et al. 2019

Water

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As an important soil and water conservation engineering measure, check dams have been constructed on a large scale in the Loess Plateau of China. However, their effects on runoff and sediment processes in the basin are still unclear. In this study, the hydrodynamic processes of the Wangmaogou watershed located in the Loess Plateau were simulated, and the influence of check dams on the flood and erosion dynamic processes in this watershed were also evaluated. The results showed that the check dams obviously reduced the flood peak and flood volume and mitigated the flood process. After the dam system was completed, the flood peak and flood volume were reduced by 65.34% and 58.67%, respectively. The erosion dynamic distribution of the main channel in the small watershed was changed to different extents by the different dam type combinations, and the erosion dynamic parameters of the channel decreased most after the dam system was completed, when the velocity and runoff shear stress of the outlet section were reduced by 10.69% and 31.08%, respectively. Additionally, the benefits of sediment reduction were most obvious after the check dam system was completed, with the sediment discharge in the watershed being reduced by 83.92%. The results of this study would provide specific implications for construction and management of check dams in the Loess plateau.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Check Dams on Flood and Erosion Dynamic Processes of a Small Watershed in the Loss Plateau

Yuan

et al. 2019

Water

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“…The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients of the calibration were 0.763 and 0.738 for river flow and sediment discharge, and those of the validation were 0.781 and 0.732, respectively (Figure 5). Compared to other modelling studies in this catchment (Ni et al, 2008;Pal et al, 2018), these results showed good performance of the InHM with the optimized parameter set in the Shejiagou catchment. This parameter set was then used in the scenario modelling runs.…”

Section: Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…There is normally no flow in the stream channels and gullies during inter-storm periods. The mean annual specified sediment yield was 12,800 t km À2 yr À1 based on records from 1959 to 1969 (2100 t km À2 yr À1 to 24,400 t km À2 yr À1 ) (Pal et al, 2018).…”

Section: Study Site and Data Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) The timestep in modelling is adaptive, which can use short timestep to enhance the simulation in flood periods and save computation time by lengthening timestep in warming-up and recession period during simulation. The model is more dynamic compared to the methods in which the check dam is generalized as a sediment-trapping function (e.g., Pal et al, 2018), and more physics-based compared to the approaches that calculate flow and sediment output of a check dam by a simple water depth-discharge relationship (e.g., Ni et al, 2008).…”

Section: Integrated Hydrology Model (Inhm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical modelling shows an old check‐dam still attenuates flooding and sediment transport

Tang

Wang

Gao

2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Check dams are an effective and widespread measure for soil and water conservation around the world (e.g., in the Chinese Loess Plateau). However, the quantitative impact of a heavy silted check dam with small remaining storage capacity and large deposition area on river flow and sediment transport during floods remained unclear.In this study, to investigate this impact, a physics-based distributed hydrological model (the Integrated Hydrology Model, InHM) was employed to simulate runoff and sediment processes during floods in a small catchment with a check dam in the Loess Plateau, considering different heavy rainfalls and check-dam remaining storages. The model was calibrated and validated against the observed hydrographs and sedigraphs in two flood events and obtained satisfactory modelling performance (the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies > 0.70). The scenario modelling results showed that a heavy silted check dam still remarkably reduced and delayed the peaks of river flow and sediment rate, due to the attenuated surface flow movement and sediment transport on the deposition area. The largest flow peak occurred around the 85% silting stage of the check dam rather than the fully silting stage (100%). Even in the fully silted stage, sediment deposition continually occurred on the deposition area with a maximum deposition of 11,700 t sediment in a heavy-rainfall scenario and more sediment deposited on the tail-end regions of the deposition area than other regions after a flood. Moreover, in heavy silted stage backwater on the tail-end areas and gullies largely attenuated local erosion and promoted sediment deposition, indirectly reducing the total sediment yield of the catchment during flood. These results indicated that numerous ageing check dams built in the Loess Plateau and worldwide are still useful to attenuate flood risk and soil erosion, and sound maintenance and management of the check-dam will be beneficial to flood and soil erosion control.

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“…Previously, in the field of hydrologywater resources and hydraulic engineering, the methods for determining the reservoir characteristic curve were mostly reckoned based on the topographic survey data (Zhang et al 2019). But, in fact, there are many disadvantages in these methods, for example, small field of vision (NASA 1998;Ren et al 2021), heavy field surveying workload (Pal et al 2018;Cucchiaro et al 2019;Galicia et al 2019), and low accuracy (Bossler et al 2001;Sun et al 2021). With the development of remote sensing technology, resource satellite data are extensively used in correlative research of reservoirs and dams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel remote sensing method to determine reservoir characteristic curves using high-resolution data

Guan

Xing

et al. 2021

Hydrology Research

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A novel method of determining reservoir characteristic curves based on high-resolution resource satellite data was proposed in this paper, using remote sensing processing and analysis technology. According to the physical characteristics of absorption, radiation and reflection of surface water on ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared bands, etc., the satellite images at different reservoir water level and different periods were processed to analyze the relationship of measured water level corresponding to the water area. Based on the relationship, the relevance among reservoir water level, water surface area, and reservoir capacity was established, so as to determine the reservoir characteristic curve. The method was applied and validated at Jinshuitan Reservoir and Shitang Reservoir in the Ou River Basin. The results show that this method has high accuracy, and the maximum relative error between calculating values and measured values at different water level are −2.33% and −2.11% in Jinshuitan Reservoir and Shitang Reservoir, respectively. The method improves the convenience of determining the reservoir characteristic curve greatly, and the storage capacity of the reservoir can be calculated rapidly by this method.

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Toward improved design of check dam systems: A case study in the Loess Plateau, China

Cited by 35 publications

References 28 publications

Influence of Check Dams on Flood and Erosion Dynamic Processes of a Small Watershed in the Loss Plateau

Influence of Check Dams on Flood and Erosion Dynamic Processes of a Small Watershed in the Loss Plateau

Numerical modelling shows an old check‐dam still attenuates flooding and sediment transport

A novel remote sensing method to determine reservoir characteristic curves using high-resolution data

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