Toward future adaptive deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: the novel biomarker — narrowband gamma oscillation

Clinical neurophysiological interrogation of motor slowing: A critical step towards tuning adaptive deep brain stimulation

“…The selection of the feedback signal to drive the aDBS algorithm is one of them. While different symptom biomarkers could be embedded in aDBS control policies ( Ding et al, 2022 , Swann et al, 2018 , Tinkhauser and Moraud, 2021 , Wiest et al, 2020 , Wiest et al, 2021 ), the use of beta activity is currently closest to clinical implementation. However, as illustrated here, the temporal dynamics of beta bursting and the clinical-spectral link varies across the beta frequency range and the selection of the feedback frequency solely based on the power spectrum at rest or beta ERD may potentially not suffice.…”

Translating Pathological Brain Activity Primers in Parkinson’s Disease Research

“…Unlike the akinetic effect associated with beta oscillations, gamma activity potentially relates to a prokinetic effect [ 27 ]. Whereas M1 presents deficient activation in PD [ 36 ], the STN beta frequency excessively coupled with gamma frequency within M1 [ 17 ] may demonstrate immoderate synchronization within the motor cortico-basal ganglia network [ 37 ]. For example, STN DBS in PD leads to an increase in gamma activity over frontal and parietal regions, which is negatively correlated with symptom relief [ 38 ].…”

“…In addition, the authors of the study found strong phase coherence between these regions [ 40 ]. Thus, the narrowband gamma oscillations (60 to 90 Hz) between cortex and subcortical modulators might be regarded as another possible electrophysiological biomarker [ 37 ].…”

Rodents’ visual gamma as a biomarker of pathological neural conditions

“…Multiple neurological deficits display a reshaped gamma rhythm, showing changes in power, frequency, coherence, cross‐frequency coupling, and so on. In human patients, gamma alterations have been reported in a large plethora of conditions, ranging from Alzheimer's (Guan et al., 2022; Mably & Colgin, 2018; Mehak et al., 2022) and Parkinson's disease (Ding et al., 2022; Nimmrich et al., 2015; Nwogo et al., 2022), to epilepsy (Kitchigina, 2018), schizophrenia (McNally & McCarley, 2016; Onitsuka et al., 2022; Sohal, 2022), depression (Fitzgerald & Watson, 2018), dyskinesia (Wiest et al., 2022), substance use disorders (Ramlakhan et al., 2020), autism spectrum disorders (Kayarian et al., 2020; Orekhova et al., 2023; Rojas & Wilson, 2014), stroke (Storch et al., 2021), attention deficit hyperactivity and obsessive‐compulsive disorder (Yakubov et al., 2022), and many others.…”

“…We decided to concentrate our attention on studies that specifically focused on the rodent's visual cortex. However, if we broaden the scope to include other organisms or brain regions, one can find that gamma oscillation dysfunctions have also been reported in Parkinson's disease (Nimmrich et al., 2015; Ding et al., 2022; Guan et al., 2022; Nwogo et al., 2022), dyskinesia (Wiest et al., 2022), depression (Fitzgerald & Watson, 2018), substance use disorders (Ramlakhan et al., 2020), attention deficit hyperactivity and obsessive‐compulsive disorder (Yakubov et al., 2022), and numerous other conditions.…”