Total-reflection X-ray diffraction study of friction-transferred poly(tetrafluoroethylene) film

Tanigaki, Nobutaka; Yoshida, Yūji; Kaito, Akira; Yase, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1002/1099-0488(20010215)39:4<432::aid-polb1015>3.0.co;2-r

Cited by 15 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, since the thin film of PTFE is formed only in the confined area which drew a PTFE block by friction-transfer technique, it is possible be easily pattern a polymer film by a drawing method. In addition, from the results of transmission electron microscopy ͑TEM͒ 6 and x-ray diffraction ͑XRD͒ analysis, 7 it was confirmed that the friction-transferred PTFE film was having highly oriented polymer backbones along the drawing direction. The friction-transfer technique can form polymer aligned film without any underlying alignment layer.…”

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confidence: 91%

Polymer field-effect transistors by a drawing method

Nagamatsu¹,

Takashima²,

Kaneto³

et al. 2004

Applied Physics Letters

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We demonstrated the polymer field-effect transistors ͑FETs͒ utilizing regioregular poly͑3-alkylthiophene͒s ͑P3AT͒ films prepared by a drawing method. The P3AT film exhibited large optical dichroic ratio, which originated in the polymer backbones aligned to the drawing direction. In-plane anisotropy and enhancement of FET characteristics have been observed that are caused by molecular alignment. In the case of poly͑3-dodecylthiophene͒, the hole mobility along the drawing direction was enhanced by a factor of 25 compared with that of spin-coated film.

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confidence: 91%

Polymer field-effect transistors by a drawing method

Nagamatsu¹,

Takashima²,

Kaneto³

et al. 2004

Applied Physics Letters

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“…These results suggest that the a and b axes have some orientation concerning the substrate plane. We have observed preferential orientations concerning the substrate in the friction-transferred films of P3ATs [ 40 , 41 ]. Now, we suppose PT molecules take a preferential arrangement in which the a -axis is normal to the substrate, the b -axis is in the substrate plane, and the molecular chains ( c -axis) are in the substrate plane and aligned along the friction transfer direction, as shown in Figure 7 , because of the following reasons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in order to evaluate the orientation of the crystallites regarding the substrate plane, energy-dispersive (ED) GIXD measurements [ 39 , 40 , 41 ] were carried out. The schematic diagram of ED-GIXD geometry is illustrated in Figure 1 b.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A pure germanium solid state detector (SSD) (Canberra 7935 2/S) is movable in two directions, i.e., horizontal (2 θ H ) and vertical direction (2 θ V ). With the coupling of 2 θ H and 2 θ V , reflections with any directions can be observed [ 40 ]. The diffraction angle 2 θ is related to 2 θ H and 2 θ V as the following equation: cos2 θ = cos2 θ H • cos2 θ V …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oriented Thin Films of Insoluble Polythiophene Prepared by the Friction Transfer Technique

et al. 2021

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A thin film of unsubstituted polythiophene (PT), an insoluble conjugated polymer, with molecular chains uniaxially oriented in plane was prepared by the friction transfer method. The structure of highly oriented thin films of PT was investigated using grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The polarized UV–vis and IR spectra and GIXD measurements showed the PT molecular chains were well aligned in parallel to the friction direction. The GIXD studies clarified that the polymer backbones were aligned with very narrow distribution, such that the half-width was about 4 degrees. The degree of orientation of the PT friction-transferred film was higher compared with those of regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene)s. Moreover, the GIXD results show a preferred orientation where the a-axis is perpendicular to the substrate plane.

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“…Energy‐dispersive (ED) GIXD measurements were performed to evaluate the orientation of the crystallites of RR‐P3DDT in the films. The details of the experimental setting were as described previously . The ED‐GIXD system was constructed by Rigaku.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation control of regioregular‐poly(3‐dodecylthiophene) films formed by the friction‐transfer method and the performance of organic photovoltaic devices based on these films

Mizokuro

Okamoto

Heck

et al. 2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Control of the molecular orientation of regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene)s (RR-P3ATs) improves the performance of field-effect transistors and organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs). However, most thiophene ring planes of the RR-P3AT molecules (except RR-poly(3-butylthiophene)) in films formed by the conventional spin-coating method stand on the substrate, that is, edge-on orientation. Orientation control of RR-poly(3-dodecylthiophene) (RR-P3DDT) molecules in films formed by the friction transfer method is reported and the performance of OPVs based on friction-transferred RR-P3DDT films is compared to that of OPVs based on spin-coated films. The films are investigated by polarized ultraviolet-visible light absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction measurement. For friction-transferred films, the RR-P3DDT molecular chain is uniaxially aligned parallel to the substrate plane. In addition, the thiophene ring planes of the RR-P3DDT molecules are also oriented parallel to the substrate plane, that is, face-on orientation. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) and fill factor of the RR-P3DDT/C 60 bilayer OPVs based on the friction-transferred RR-P3DDT films are higher than those of devices based on spin-coated films. The PCE and photocurrent of the device based on the friction-transferred film are larger under irradiation with polarized light parallel to the RR-P3DDT molecular chain direction than with polarized light orthogonal to the chain direction. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40136.

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Total-reflection X-ray diffraction study of friction-transferred poly(tetrafluoroethylene) film

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Polymer field-effect transistors by a drawing method

Polymer field-effect transistors by a drawing method

Oriented Thin Films of Insoluble Polythiophene Prepared by the Friction Transfer Technique

Orientation control of regioregular‐poly(3‐dodecylthiophene) films formed by the friction‐transfer method and the performance of organic photovoltaic devices based on these films

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