Total Reconstruction of the External Auricle

Management of patients with unilateral microtia and aural atresia: recent advances and updates

“…Autologous costochondral cartilage reconstruction techniques were originally described by Tanzer [25] and later modified and described by Nagata [26], Siegert [27], Firmin [28], and our group [29]. Stage 1 involves rib harvest, creation of auricle framework, implantation and lobule transposition.…”

Reconstruction of Upper Third Ear Defects: Utility of a Limited Tanzer Reduction

“…1,2,4,5 The Tanzer reduction procedure was initially described to address the cosmetic issues associated with the constricted ear. 6 This procedure includes removal of a portion of the helix to allow the surgeon to create a more aesthetic shape during closure. 7 The proposed incision size can be similar to defects created following traumatic injuries and oncologic resections, which was the main basis of designing a modified technique.…”

Autologous Costochondral Microtia Reconstruction

“…The first stage was the most complex, requiring harvest of rib cartilage, while the latter procedures required a local flap and at least two skin grafts. 1 Although the technique was feasible, many noted poor projection, cartilage resorption, and lack of definition. 2 These issues along with pain at the harvest site, possible chest wall deformity, and risk of pneumothorax prompted Cronin to use a silicone framework in 1966.…”

“…Through the publications of Tanzer, Nagata, Firmin, and Brent, we have learned about the feasibility of autologous costal cartilage reconstruction. 1,[4][5][6][7][8] Through their work, our present technique has evolved with time from four to two stages. However, we continue to refine our surgical technique to improve the overall aesthetic appearance and minimize donor site morbidity.…”