Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, and Antioxidant Capacity of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) Ethanolic Extract and Fraction

Abstract

Determination of total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity of ethanolic extract and fractions from red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) has been done. Red gingers contain the highest oleoresins among other ginger varieties. Oleoresins are component that had the most responsibility for pharmacological effect of red ginger, one of them is as antioxidant. Phenolic and flavonoid are highly contributing to the antioxidant effect of red ginger. The aim of this research is to determine the antioxidant capacity of extract and fractions of red ginger, and to investigate the correlation between antioxidant capacity with both total phenolic and total flavonoid. Ethanolic extracts are fractinationed with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and methanol solvent. Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, and total flavonoid of all the samples are measured. Highest antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, and total flavonoid obtained from ethyl acetate fraction with TEAC 2143.9 ± 0.9 µmol/g (CUPRAC) and 4526.4 ± 3.0 (DPPH), GAE 229.9 ± 1.3 mg/g, and QE 46,6 ± 1,8 mg/g. One way ANOVA and post hoc analysis show significant result with p value <0,01. Pearson correlation shows high positive correlation. Determination of total phenolic, total flavonoid, antioxidant capacity from ethanolic extract and fractions of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) has been done.Red ginger contain the highest oleoresins among other ginger varieties. Oleoresins are component that had the most responsibility for pharmacological effect of red ginger, one of them is as antioxidant. Phenolic and flavonoid are highly contribute to the antioxidant effect of red ginger. The aim of this research is to determine the antioxidant capacity of extract and fractions of red ginger, and to investigate the correlation between antioxidant capacity with both total phenolic and total flavonoid. Ethanolic extracts are fractinationed with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and methanol solvent.

The antioxidant activity of Zingiber officinale, Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Caesalpinia sappan combination

“…Previous research also stated the largest total flavonoids were from: ethyl acetate> 50% ethanol> butanol> hexane> water (Thavamoney et al, 2018). (Pratoko et al, 2018) also showed that the highest total flavonoid content obtained from ethyl acetate fraction of Z. officinale was 46.6 ± 1.8 mg QE/g extract while the one from hexane fraction was 26.1 ± 1.7 mg QE/g extract. Total flavonoid content, respectively from the largest: ethyl acetate> ethanol> n-hexane.…”

“…This result is in line with Ali et al ( 2018) who stated that total flavonoid content of chloroform-methanol (CM) extract from Z. officinale's was 40.25 ± 0.21 mg QE /gram. Pratoko et al (2018) also found that total flavonoid content from ethyl acetate extract of Z. officinale rhizome was 46.6 ± 1.8 mg QE/g. These results corroborate the statement about the high total flavonoid content of Z. officinale rhizome.…”

Identifikasi Komponen Aktif Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum) sebagai Sumber Antioksidan dengan Pendekatan Metabolomik Berbasis HPLC

“…Senyawa fenolat merupakan senyawa yang bersifat polar (Apak et al, 2007). Struktur senyawa fenolat mempunyai tail hidrokarbon yang cukup panjang sehingga menyebabkan senyawa fenolat dalam jahe merah memiliki polaritas yang rendah (Siswandono et al, 2000;Pratoko et al, 2018).…”

“…Nilai IC50, yang semakin rendah menunjukkan semakin tinggi aktivitas antioksidannya (Badarinath et al, 2010). Hasil penelitian lain juga menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat ekstrak jahe merah merupakan fraksi yang mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan paling kuat (Suciyanti et al, 2017;Pratoko et al, 2018). Kaban et al (2016) menyatakan bahwa fraksi etil asetat ekstrak jahe merah mempunyai nilai IC50 yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan ekstrak ataupun fraksi lainnya.…”

Molecular characterization of red ginger varieties (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum) by DNA markers

“…The Indonesian population has historically used red ginger as a remedy for colds and back discomfort (FROTI 2017). This plant exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, including analgesic, wound healing, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects (Agusmawanti 2016;Febriani et al 2018;Pratoko et al 2018;Saptiwi et al 2018).…”