Torsion strained iridium oxide for efficient acidic water oxidation in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers

Hao, Shaoyun; Sheng, Hongyuan; Liu, Min; Huang, Jinzhen; Zheng, Guokui; Zhang, Fan; Liu, Xiangnan; Su, Zhen; Hu, Jiajun; Yang, Qiong; Zhou, Lina; He, Yi; Song, Bo; Lei, Lecheng; Zhang, Xingwang; Jin, Song

doi:10.1038/s41565-021-00986-1

Cited by 279 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…reported a torsion‐strained Ta 0.1 Tm 0.1 Ir 0.8 O 2‐ δ via fast pyrolysis with numerous grain boundaries exhibiting a low overpotential of 198 mV at 10 mA cm −2 . [ 326 ] When applied in a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer with a mass loading of 0.2 mg cm −2 , it operated stably at 1.5 A cm −2 for 500 h with an estimated cost of US$1 per kg of H 2 , lower than the target (US$2 per kg of H 2 ) set by the US Department of Energy. Torsion‐strained IrO bonds from grain boundaries and the doping induced ligand effect collectively optimized the adsorption energy of oxygen intermediates, thus enhancing the catalytic activity (Figure 21g,h).…”

Section: Application In Pemwementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unsupported Catalysts: Besides constructing supported catalysts another promising strategy is to fabricate Ir/Ru oxide solutions with other nonprecious metal oxides to reduce the usage of precious metals, which is also beneficial to modulate bulk and surface electronic structures for promoted conductivity and electrocatalytic activities. [326][327][328] In this scenario, the acidstable oxides [149] mentioned above are given priority. However, discrepancy between precious metals and the host presents considerable difficulty in embedding precious metal atoms into the host lattice.…”

Section: Catalyst Layer (Cl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Chen

Guo

Pan

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

138

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Section: Application In Pemwementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Catalyst Layer (Cl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Chen

Guo

Pan

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

138

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“…In particular, Snumber, defined as the ratio between the amount of oxygen evolved and the amount of noble metals dissolved, 92 is independent of surface area, loading amount, or active sites, and has thus been recognized by the broader research community as a convenient, reasonable, and reliable factor for stability assessment. 23,28 As for performance evaluation in PEM full cells, although testing and reporting of rigor is still lacking due to limited research activities in this area, practices that can allow fair comparison with publications are suggested to be employed.…”

Section: Standardizing Performance Reporting Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some promising candidates include noble-metal containing MOFs, 104 multimetallic MOFs (e.g., bimetallic, trimetallic, and tetrametallic MOFs), 105,106 and MOF composites. 98 Recently, there is increasing interest in developing multimetallic compound catalysts; 28,67,96 the incorporation of other earth-abundant elements could thrift the noble metal usage while modifying the noble metal electronic structure and hence catalytic performance. MOF candidates mentioned above are known to accommodate a range of metals in their matrix in a homogenous way, and are, therefore, highly suitable platforms for synthesizing multimetallic compound catalysts.…”

Section: Developing New Catalyst Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Successful examples include single-atom catalysts, 20,21 perovskites, [22][23][24][25] pyrochlores, 26 and other metal oxides. [27][28][29] Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of porous materials that are periodically assembled by metal ions/clusters and organic linkers via coordination bonding, 30 offer a perfect platform to meet the above requirement for the design of acidic OER catalysts. In fact, MOFs and their derivatives have attracted considerable research attention for versatile applications owing to their ultrahigh porosity, large surface area, tunable morphology, flexible structure, and synergy between metal centers and organic ligands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulating metal–organic frameworks for catalyzing acidic oxygen evolution for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Sun

Jiang

et al. 2021

SusMat

111

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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis represents one of the most promising technologies to achieve green hydrogen production, but currently its practical viability is largely affected by the slow reaction kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an acidic environment. While noble metalbased catalysts containing iridium or ruthenium are excellent catalysts for the acidic OER, their practical use in PEM electrolyzers is hindered due to their low abundance and high cost. Most recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been demonstrated as a perfect platform to facilitate the design of acidic OER catalysts with both high efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Here, we provide a timely and comprehensive overview of the recent progress on MOFbased acidic OER catalysts. The fundamental mechanisms of the acidic OER are first introduced, followed by a summary of the development of pristine MOFs and MOF derivatives as acidic OER catalysts. Importantly, a number of catalyst design strategies are discussed aiming at improving the acidic OER catalytic performance of MOF-based candidates. The integration of MOF-based catalysts into real PEM water electrolyzers is also included. Finally, future research directions are provided to achieve better MOF-based catalysts operational in acidic environments and PEM devices.

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Low‐Dimensional Electrocatalysts for Acidic Oxygen Evolution: Intrinsic Activity, High Current Density Operation, and Long‐Term Stability

Liu

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Water electrolysis can occur in alkaline, neutral, and acidic media. Neutral water electrolysis is environmentally friendly and suitable for microbial electrolysis, but is faced with problems of sluggish kinetics induced by the low concentration of adsorbed reactants on the catalyst surface and a large energy loss during the reaction. [4] In comparison, alkaline water electrolysis has a wider application due to the low cost and good stability of the catalysts but currently suffers from problems of a high ohmic resistance, sluggish kinetics, and a low current density. [5] Compared with neutral and alkaline water electrolysis, acidic water electrolysis such as a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) can reach a higher current density (>2 A cm -2 ) due to higher proton conductivity and lower ohmic resistance. In addition, PEMWE has the advantages of high purity H 2 production, a fast response speed and few side reactions. [6] In recent years, much effort has been devoted to acidic water electrolysis, but there are still several challenges for its large-scale applications. A major challenge is the poor performance at the anode, which requires high-performance catalysts to reduce the overpotential and improve the overall efficiency. [7] First, the intrinsic activity of acidic OER catalysts needs to be improved due to the sluggish four-electron-transfer kinetics of the OER compared with the two-electron-transfer hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which needs to be improved. Second, most reported catalysts cannot reach high current density (>200 mA cm -2 ) and meet the requirements of industrial use. Third, the dissolution and peeling of the catalyst from the electrode in oxidative and corrosive OER conditions worsen their activity and stability, and thus limits the long-term use of these catalysts.OER occurs at the interface between a catalyst and an acidic electrolyte, where the absorption and desorption of the intermediates is crucial for the whole catalytic reaction. Therefore, it is important to control the absorption and desorption energy of intermediates to improve the overall reaction efficiency. [8] Low-dimensional materials including 0D (nanoparticles/ nanodots), 1D (nanorods/nanowires), and 2D (nanosheets/ nanoplates) have received much attention in the energy conversion field because of their high specific surface area, abundant active sites, tunable electronic structure, and possible different

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Torsion strained iridium oxide for efficient acidic water oxidation in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers

Cited by 279 publications

References 50 publications

Advances in Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Advances in Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Modulating metal–organic frameworks for catalyzing acidic oxygen evolution for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Low‐Dimensional Electrocatalysts for Acidic Oxygen Evolution: Intrinsic Activity, High Current Density Operation, and Long‐Term Stability

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