2016
DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2015.0835
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Topology optimization for three-dimensional electromagnetic waves using an edge element-based finite-element method

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Cited by 36 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…In recent years, progress has been made with both forward design methods, such as transformation optics [97][98][99][100][101] and scattering cancellation [102], and inverse design approaches [103]. Genetic algorithms are usually adopted for optimizing a multilayer particle or cylinder to achieve omnidirectional scattering reduction [104,105], while topology optimization is more practically associated with designing bidirectional cloaks or resonators that can be realized by a low-index material [106][107][108][109][110][111][112], although in theory it can work for any imaginable objective function [106,113]. Figure 5 summarizes a few examples based on topology optimization.…”
Section: Nanophotonic Design Based On Optimization Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In recent years, progress has been made with both forward design methods, such as transformation optics [97][98][99][100][101] and scattering cancellation [102], and inverse design approaches [103]. Genetic algorithms are usually adopted for optimizing a multilayer particle or cylinder to achieve omnidirectional scattering reduction [104,105], while topology optimization is more practically associated with designing bidirectional cloaks or resonators that can be realized by a low-index material [106][107][108][109][110][111][112], although in theory it can work for any imaginable objective function [106,113]. Figure 5 summarizes a few examples based on topology optimization.…”
Section: Nanophotonic Design Based On Optimization Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 108 ] with permission of American Institute of Physics (AIP); (D) is reprinted from Ref. [ 110 ] with permission.…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…A typical mesh consisting of 4932 total mesh vertices and 25748 tetrahedra elements in the entire domain.was selected for numerial investigations. The wave equation for the propagation of electric field "E" by solving the Maxwell equations is given as [53], The wavenumber k 0 for free space is defined as [54], The electric displacement field model was selected for the refractive index, which was calculated using the permittivity and permeability values of the materials. The average values of relative permittivity for S 0 , S B , S Zn, and S Bi presented in Table 2 have been calculated using the measured values from VNA.…”
Section: Numerical Simulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a sense, however, this design freedom has not been utilized to its full potential, with topology optimization being primarily used to design planar devices, [17][18][19][20][21] with only few examples of fully three-dimensional geometries. 22,23 This is of course not without good reasons, and chiefly among these are restrictions imposed by available manufacturing techniques. However, recent advancements in additive manufacturing techniques such as 3D laser nanolithography 24,25 have put fabrication of fully three-dimensional micro-structures well within reach.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%