Topical use of 5% acyclovir cream for the treatment of occult and verrucous equine sarcoids: a double-blinded placebo-controlled study

Haspeslagh, Maarten; Garcia, Mireia Jordana; Vlaminck, Lieven; Martens, Ann

doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1215-0

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Topical therapies generally seem particularly feasible as they are noninvasive and applicable, even on treatment sites that are difficult to access. However, the results regarding the efficacy of the acyclovir cream often used for mild-type ES treatment are contradictory [16,17] and imiquimod may temporarily cause severe local side effects [18]. In addition, although a variety of other topical treatment options exists, mainly anecdotal evidence of their success is reported [1,15,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro assessment of triterpenoids NVX-207 and betulinyl-bis-sulfamate as a topical treatment for equine skin cancer

et al. 2020

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Equine sarcoid (ES) is the most prevalent skin tumor in equids worldwide. Additionally, aging grey horses frequently suffer from equine malignant melanoma (EMM). Current local therapies targeting these skin tumors remain challenging. Therefore, more feasible topical treatment options should be considered. In order to develop a topical therapy against ES and EMM, betulinyl-bis-sulfamate and NVX-207, derivatives of the naturally occurring betulin and betulinic acid, respectively, were evaluated for their antiproliferative (crystal violet staining assay), cytotoxic (MTS assay) and apoptotic (AnnexinV staining, cell cycle investigations) effects on primary ES cells, EMM cells and equine dermal fibroblasts in vitro. The more potent derivative was assessed for its in vitro penetration and permeation on isolated equine skin within 30 min and 24 h using Franz-type diffusion cells and HPLC analysis. Betulinyl-bis-sulfamate and NVX-207 inhibited the proliferation and metabolism in ES cells, EMM cells and fibroblasts significantly (p < 0.001) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. NVX-207 had superior anticancer effects compared to betulinyl-bis-sulfamate. Both compounds led to the externalization of phosphatidylserines on the cell membrane and DNA fragmentation, demonstrating that the effective mode of action was apoptosis. After 48 h of treatment with NVX-207, the number of necrotic cells was less than 2% in all cell types. Detected amounts of NVX-207 in the different skin layers exceeded the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations calculated by far. Even though data obtained in vitro are auspicious, the results are not unconditionally applicable to the clinical situation. Consequently, in vivo studies are required to address the antitumoral effects of topically applied NVX-207 in ES and EMM patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro assessment of triterpenoids NVX-207 and betulinyl-bis-sulfamate as a topical treatment for equine skin cancer

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, no negative control group was included in the study. Two previous studies showed tumour size reductions or resolution in untreated control groups of 14% 25 and 16% 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Two previous studies showed tumour size reductions or resolution in untreated control groups of 14% 25 and 16%. 26 . In another study, spontaneous remission was observed in ≤62% of horses during an observation period of five to seven years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of equine sarcoids using recombinant poxviruses expressing feline interleukin‐2

Loschelder-Ostrowski

Winter

Merle

et al. 2021

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Interleukin (IL)-2 stimulates antitumour immunity and is successfully used for the treatment of different neoplasias.Hypothesis/Objectives -Canarypox virus locally expressing feline IL-2 is safe and can be used to treat equine sarcoids.Animals -Twenty horses of different breeds with a median age of eight years (interquartile range 6.0-13.3 years) and a total number of 59 sarcoids were included in the study.Methods -In this prospective clinical trial, sarcoids were injected twice seven days apart, with a recombinant canarypox virus expressing feline IL-2. Complete blood counts (CBC) and fibrinogen levels were measured before treatment and on days 1, 2, 7 and 8.Results -Complete regression was achieved in eight horses (40%) and partial regression in two horses (10%). No change in sarcoid size was observed in two horses (10%) and the disease progressed in five horses (25%). Sarcoids of three horses (15%) showed initial response followed by tumour growth. There were no significant changes in CBC and fibrinogen levels after either injection. One horse developed a mild fever the day after each injection, which subsided without treatment the following day.Conclusions -Treatment of equine sarcoids with recombinant canarypox virus expressing feline IL-2 seems to be a safe therapy option. Although the expression of IL-2 after vector injection and its biological activity in horses were not proven in this study, the treatment resulted in regression and partial regression in 50% of the cases. Further studies are necessary to verify these findings and to establish a treatment protocol.

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“…• Topical acyclovir: topical 5% acyclovir cream has been used to treat sarcoids with some benefits reported in one study [77]. A subsequent retrospective case-series and a double-blinded placebo-controlled trial resulted in no advantages from this agent compared to other treatments or placebo [70,78]. The cream is used without prescription for human herpes virus infection and this may be attractive for owners that desire to treat horses without looking for veterinary advice with deleterious effects [3].…”

Section: Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine Sarcoid

Funiciello¹,

Roccabianca²

2020

Equine Science

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The equine sarcoid is the most common skin neoplasia in the horse. It has a worldwide distribution and can also affect other equids such as donkeys, zebras, and mules. All breeds can develop the disease at any age, with no sex predilection, although geldings seem to be overrepresented. This fibroblastic neoplasm has several clinical presentations and microscopic features and has a nonmetastatic behavior but can be severely locally invasive. In many cases, multiple sarcoids may develop simultaneously or sequentially during their life and spontaneous remission is rarely reported. The etiology is multifactorial and involves bovine papillomaviruses, genetic, and environmental factors. Treatment options include different modalities depending on multiple factors: lesion type, location and extent, individual patient, facilities, owner, and financial issues.

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Topical use of 5% acyclovir cream for the treatment of occult and verrucous equine sarcoids: a double-blinded placebo-controlled study

Abstract: Background: Previous studies mention the use of topical acyclovir for the treatment of equine sarcoids. Success rates vary and since the bovine papillomavirus (BPV) lacks the presence of a kinase necessary to activate acyclovir, there is no proof of its activity against equine sarcoids.

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

In vitro assessment of triterpenoids NVX-207 and betulinyl-bis-sulfamate as a topical treatment for equine skin cancer

In vitro assessment of triterpenoids NVX-207 and betulinyl-bis-sulfamate as a topical treatment for equine skin cancer

Treatment of equine sarcoids using recombinant poxviruses expressing feline interleukin‐2

Equine Sarcoid

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