“…99,104−109 Airborne microorganisms, including viral aerosols, bacteria, and fungi, can interact with atmospheric pollutants to form bioaerosols. 110 More than 100 atmospheric pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), organic components, and bioactive metals, have been identified. Due to their small size, PM, particularly finer particles with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM 2.5 ), penetrates deeply into the body, causing oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis.…”