Topical drug delivery to retinal pigment epithelium with microfluidizer produced small liposomes

Preparation of Photoluminescent Porous Silicon Nanoparticles by High‐Pressure Microfluidization

“…High‐shear microfluidization, or homogenization, is a means of generating homogeneous nanoparticle dispersions of materials such as cells, emulsions, and low‐solubility molecular therapeutics . The microfluidizer operates by forcing a liquid dispersion of macroscopic particles through narrow gaps, or microchannels, by imposing a large pressure differential.…”

Biomateriais para formulações de base nanotecnológica visando terapia gênica ocular

“…53 A PEGuilação de lipossomas permite mascarar a carga de superfície reduzindo a agregação de proteínas nas vesículas, o que resulta em maior internalização dos oligonucleotídeos na retina/ coroide e maior estabilidade das formulações quando comparadas às não PEGuiladas. 45,70,71 A estrutura de alguns dos principais lipídios utilizados na terapia genética ocular pode ser observada na Figura 3.…”

Undefined role of mucus as a barrier in ocular drug delivery

“…anti-glaucoma drugs and small liposomes gained access353 to the retinal pigment epithelium[65,66]. The mechanisms of 354 behind these results are still unclear, but most likely the route of 355 delivery is non-corneal, rather than corneal.356 The dynamics of glycocalyx barrier may be altered due to357 change in cell surface MUC expression, ectodomain release and 358 O-glycosylation pattern.…”

“…Systemic 63 absorption from the conjunctival sac is an order of magnitude 64 faster than ocular absorption [11]. For example, timolol has 65 bioavailability of 4% in rabbit eyes, whereas the systemic 66 bioavailability from eye drops is about 80% with peak concentra- 67 tion in plasma already at 3 min [9,13]. Role of mucins located on 68 the ocular surface and in the tear fluid should be evaluated in this 69 context.…”