Tolerance to preharvest sprouting and yield of wheat genotypes from different breeding programs

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to characterize the performance of elite wheat genotypes from different Brazilian breeding programs for traits associated with grain yield and preharvest sprouting. The study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in the municipality of Capão do Leão, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thirty-three wheat genotypes were evaluated for traits related to preharvest sprouting and grain yield. The estimate of genetic distance was used to predict potential combinations for selection of plants with high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting. The combined analysis of sprouted grains and falling number shows that the TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Mestre, Frontana, Fundacep Raízes, Fundacep Cristalino, and BRS Guamirim genotypes are tolerant to preharvest sprouting. Combinations of TBIO Alvorada and TBIO Mestre with Fundacep Cristalino show high potential for recovering superior genotypes for high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting.Index terms: Triticum aestivum, ear sprouting, falling number, genetic divergence, parental selection. Tolerância à germinação na pré-colheita e produtividade de genótipos de trigo de diferentes programas de melhoramentoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o desempenho de genótipos elite de trigo de diferentes programas de melhoramento do Brasil, para caracteres associados à produtividade de grãos e à germinação na pré-colheita. O estudo foi conduzido em 2010 e 2011 no Município de Capão do Leão, RS, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Foram avaliados 33 genótipos de trigo quanto aos caracteres relacionados à germinação em pré-colheita e ao rendimento de grãos. A estimativa da distância genética foi utilizada para predizer combinações potenciais na seleção de plantas com alta produtividade de grãos e tolerância à germinação na pré-colheita. A análise combinada de grãos germinados e número de queda mostra que os genótipos TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Mestre, Frontana, Fundacep Raízes, Fundacep Cristalino e BRS Guamirim apresentam tolerância à germinação em pré-colheita. As combinações de TBIO Alvorada e TBIO Mestre com Fundacep Cristalino mostram alto potencial na recuperação de genótipos superiores para elevada produtividade de grãos e tolerância à germinação em pré-colheita.Termos para indexação: Triticum aestivum, germinação na espiga, número de queda, divergência genética, seleção de parentais.

Grain Yield and Its Associations With Pre-harvest Sprouting in Wheat

“…The cultivar Frontana was introduced in 1940, descended from the crossing between Fronteira and Mentana, when it conferred resistance to leaf rust and pre-harvest sprouting. Cultivar Frontana is one of the best sources of tolerance pre-harvest sprouting (Franco et al, 2009;Santos et al, 2010;Nörnberg et al, 2015). The Ônix/CDFAPA 2001129 and Vanguarda/Temu 2624-00, parents are responsible for good tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting presented by CD 1440 and Vintecinco ORS, respectively (De Sousa & Caierão, 2014).…”

Pre-harvest Sprouting Tolerance of Triticale Genotypes in Brazil

“…The line ND 674 and the cultivars Quartzo and Frontana were used as controls towards tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting. Frontana cultivar is one of the best wheat genotypes in terms of resistance to pre-harvest germination (Bassoi et al, 2006;Franco et al, 2009;Nörnberg et al, 2015). Quartzo cultivar was classified as moderately tolerant to tolerant to PHS (Nörnberg et al, 2015), and the PHS tolerance of the wheat line ND 674 was reported by Dr. L. Okuyama (personal communication).…”

Development of white-grain pre-harvest sprouting tolerant and pyramided protein-rich leaf rust resistant wheats using molecular breeding

“…However, PHS tolerant white grain wheat genotypes are also known, which include AUS1408 (Mares, 1987) and CN19055 (Hucl and Matus-Cadiz, 2002). Following parameters are generally used for estimating the level of PHST: PHS index, falling number, germination index and alpha amylase activity (Nörnberg et al 2015;Shorinola et al 2016). Among cereals, in wheat alone, ~50 QTL interval mapping studies involving ~40 mapping populations have already been conducted leading to identi cation of as many as >250 QTLs for PHST, which also included hexaploid synthetic wheats, tetraploid durum wheats and diploid einkorn wheats (see review by Gupta et al 2020).…”