Tokophobia among First Time Expectant Fathers

Ganapathy, Thilagavathy

doi:10.4172/2167-1044.s3-002

Cited by 4 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The findings of this review suggest that men underestimate their supportive capabilities and the comfort they are providing their partners. Therefore, health professionals have an important role in engaging fathers in antenatal conversations about their birth expectations, feelings, fears and role in childbirth to alleviate anxiety, increase self-confidence and promote relaxation [12,69]. Effective communication between the mother, father and midwife can make a difference to the level of control and connection that fathers feel at birth, which in turn influences their development of positive or negative birth perceptions [70].…”

Section: Self-efficacy and Antenatal Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review by Hanson et al [3] identified that fathers seek reassurance that they are doing the right thing for their partner during childbirth. Positive involvement of men in the perinatal period has the potential to decrease men's anxiety, increase their trust in health professionals and offers them the opportunity to engage in psycho education [12]. Each of these elements helps to strengthen their role as they transition into fatherhood, and ultimately helps to shape the health and wellbeing of the new family.…”

Section: Self-efficacy and Antenatal Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the focus of most research is on maternal FOC and tokophobia. Limited research has explored paternal FOC using validated screening tools and there is a lack of consistent definition of paternal FOC [12] across the literature, making the true incidence rate difficult to determine. These fathers-to-be with a pathological FOC experience severe anxiety, which impacts their daily functioning, causes distressing feelings of helplessness and affects their ability to prepare psychologically for fatherhood [13] as opposed to the common worry and uncertainty experienced by fathers-to-be in anticipation of childbirth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Paternal Experience of Fear of Childbirth: An Integrative Review

Moran

Bradshaw

Tuohy

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: It is estimated that approximately 13% of expectant fathers experience a pathological and debilitating fear of childbirth. Objective: The aim of this integrative review was to examine and synthesise the current body of research relating to paternal experience of fear of childbirth. Methods: A systematic literature search of five databases—CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycArticles and PsycInfo—identified seventeen papers. Methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool. Results: Thematic data analysis identified three themes: the focus of fathers’ childbirth-related fears, the impact of fear of childbirth on health and wellbeing, and fear of childbirth as a private burden. Discussion: Fear of childbirth is a significant and distressing experience for expectant fathers who may benefit from an opportunity to express their childbirth-related fears in an environment where they feel validated and supported. Antenatal education is recommended to enhance fathers’ childbirth-related self-efficacy to reduce fear of childbirth. Conclusions: Fear of childbirth may negatively impact the lives of men and consequently their families. Further investigation into methods and models for identifying and supporting men at risk of or experiencing fear of childbirth is required to improve outcomes for this population of men.

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Section: Self-efficacy and Antenatal Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Self-efficacy and Antenatal Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Paternal Experience of Fear of Childbirth: An Integrative Review

Moran

Bradshaw

Tuohy

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Published evidence from India showed that larger proportion (78.40%) of rst time expectant fathers suffered from tocophobia primarily related to the health and life of their partner and child, labor and delivery process, professional competency, behavior, insu cient medical treatment, fear of not being treated with respect and dignity, fear of partners' and own capabilities, fear of exclusion from decision making, nancial matter and fear of responsibilities as fathers in varying intensity from low to severe level (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This subscale explained a higher amount of variance than the other subscale. Some fathers have stated that process of labor and childbirth lead to phobia in them (30). From labor-associated fears reported by fathers have been seeing their spouse in pain and agony (31), harm to fetus during child-birth, being in an unfamiliar, awkward (32), episiotomy, the risk of maternal complications and death associated with cesarean section (6,33), irreversible rupture (5), prolonged labor (34,35), and fear regarding the child welfare (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Psychometric Evaluation of the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Method Study

Ghaffari

Shahhosseini

Nia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Fear of childbirth was reported in 13% of fathers that may have consequences for the health of fathers and their families. Given the lack of a valid and reliable questionnaire for measure fathers' fear of childbirth, this study was designed with the aim of design and develop Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale and evaluate its psychometric properties.Methods: This methodological study with explanatory sequential mixed method approach was conducted in two phases. In the qualitative phase (or item generation), semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty fathers, and a literature review was done to generate Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale items pool. In the quantitative phase (or psychometric evaluation), face, content, construct as well as reliability of the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale were evaluated. For construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed with assistance of 433 expectant fathers. Reliability was also evaluated through internal consistency and composite reliability.Results: The primary Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale contained 32 items which reduced to 17 items after face and content validity. Exploratory factor analysis extracted two factors: Fear of childbirth process (12 items), fear of (five items). These factors explained %50.82 of total variance. Goodness of fit indices within a confirmatory factor analysis was acceptable. Internal consistency and composite reliability indices of all factors were greater than 0.70.Conclusion: The Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale has a suitable validity and reliability instrument for assessing fear of childbirth in fathers.

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A structural equation model analysis of the relationship between maternal fear of childbirth and expectant fathers’ fear of childbirth: The mediating role of fathers’ depression, anxiety, and stress

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Some fathers experience traumatic and unpleasant feelings such as fear of childbirth during pregnancy and childbirth. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of the expectant fathers' depression, anxiety, and stress in the relationship between maternal fear of childbirth and paternal fear of childbirth. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, using a two-stage sampling method, 502 expectant Iranian fathers and their wives in the second half of pregnancy were recruited.The participants completed self-administered questionnaires, including the fathers' fear of childbirth scale, the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire, and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was employed in the Amos software version 24.Results: Results indicated an acceptable fit of the model to the data. Maternal fear of childbirth was associated with paternal fear of childbirth, directly (β = 0.23, p = .046) and indirectly through the mediator of paternal depression, anxiety, and stress (β = .17, p = .007). The expectant fathers' stress had a greater impact on their fear of childbirth. Conclusions:By considering the role of maternal fear of childbirth as well as expectant fathers' depression, anxiety, and stress on paternal fear of childbirth, it seems this study has some practical implications for improving the fathers' psychological well-being.

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Tokophobia among First Time Expectant Fathers

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Paternal Experience of Fear of Childbirth: An Integrative Review

The Paternal Experience of Fear of Childbirth: An Integrative Review

Design and Psychometric Evaluation of the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Method Study

A structural equation model analysis of the relationship between maternal fear of childbirth and expectant fathers’ fear of childbirth: The mediating role of fathers’ depression, anxiety, and stress

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